Vertebrate membrane proteins: structure, function, and insights from biophysical approaches.

Vertebrate membrane proteins: structure, function, and insights from biophysical approaches. Research Abstract Details 

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Vertebrate membrane proteins: structure, function, and insights from biophysical approaches. Abstract Text:

Membrane proteins are key targets for pharmacological intervention because they are vital for cellular function. Here, we analyze recent progress made in the understanding of the structure and function of membrane proteins with a focus on rhodopsin and development of atomic force microscopy techniques to study biological membranes. Membrane proteins are compartmentalized to carry out extra- and intracellular processes. Biological membranes are densely populated with membrane proteins that occupy approximately 50% of their volume. In most cases membranes contain lipid rafts, protein patches, or paracrystalline formations that lack the higher-order symmetry that would allow them to be characterized by diffraction methods. Despite many technical difficulties, several crystal structures of membrane proteins that illustrate their internal structural organization have been determined. Moreover, high-resolution atomic force microscopy, near-field scanning optical microscopy, and other lower resolution techniques have been used to investigate these structures. Single-molecule force spectroscopy tracks interactions that stabilize membrane proteins and those that switch their functional state; this spectroscopy can be applied to locate a ligand-binding site. Recent development of this technique also reveals the energy landscape of a membrane protein, defining its folding, reaction pathways, and kinetics. Future development and application of novel approaches during the coming years should provide even greater insights to the understanding of biological membrane organization and function.

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Vertebrate membrane proteins: structure, function, and insights from biophysical approaches. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Pharmacological reviews

VOLUME: 60

Page Numbers: 43-78

Journal Abbreviation: Pharmacol. Rev.

ISSN: 0031-6997

DAY: 5

MONTH: 03

YEAR: 2008

Vertebrate membrane proteins: structure, function, and insights from biophysical approaches. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 421737

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AFFILIATION: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965. kxp65@case.edu.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Pharmacol Rev

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