Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material.

Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Research Abstract Details 

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Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Abstract Text:

Hugo D Critchley,Penelope A Lewis,Michael Orth,Oliver Josephs,Ralf Deichmann,Michael R Trimble,Raymond J Dolan,

OBJECTIVES: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can improve depression. Cognitive models of depression highlight an over-representation of negative thoughts and memories, with depressed individuals showing memory facilitation for negative material. We hypothesized that the antidepressant action of VNS may emerge through corrective influences on 'negativity bias' in memory. We therefore examined the impact of VNS on emotional memory and its underlying brain activity. METHODS: We tested a single patient undergoing VNS for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Stimulation was set at a 30/66-second on/off cycle during three encoding blocks when the patient viewed randomly presented positive, negative, and neutral words. Following each block, VNS was switched off and the patient identified previously seen words from distractors in a subsequent recognition memory task. The patient was scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the first encoding block. RESULTS: There was robust recall of negative material viewed during 'off' cycles of VNS but subsequent memory of negative words was attenuated during active VNS ('on' cycles). VNS did not influence memory for neutral and positive words. With neuroimaging, direct modulatory effects of VNS were observed in dorsomedial, dorsolateral, and orbital regions of the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, during encoding of negative words, compared with positive and neutral words, VNS also modulated activity within orbitofrontal, ventromedial and polar prefrontal cortices, midcingulate cortex, and brain stem. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations show that VNS can interfere with memory of negative information, an effect that may contribute to its antidepressant role. Neuroimaging implicated regions including the ventral and medial prefrontal cortex as an underlying neural substrate.

Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Publishing Authors By Initials

HD Critchley,PA Lewis,M Orth,O Josephs,R Deichmann,MR Trimble,RJ Dolan,

For similar nervous system: peripheral nervous system: autonomic nervous system: autonomic pathways: vagus nerve research abstracts see: nervous system: peripheral nervous system: autonomic nervous system: autonomic pathways: vagus nerve research

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Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Psychosomatic medicine

VOLUME: 69

Page Numbers: 17-22

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ISSN: 1534-7796

DAY: 26

MONTH: Jan

YEAR: 2007

Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 376505

Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Vagus Nerve

MESH TERMS: physiology

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: behavioral and neural effects on encoding negative material.

AFFILIATION: Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK. H.Critchley@bsms.ac.uk

Country: United States

AGENCY: United Kingdom Wellcome T

GRANT: 074333

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MEDLINETA: Psychosom Med

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