Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement.

Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Research Abstract Details 

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Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Abstract Text:

Maria L Lombardi,David A Knecht,Micah Dembo,Juliet Lee,

Continuous cell movement requires the coordination of protrusive forces at the leading edge with contractile forces at the rear of the cell. Myosin II is required to generate the necessary contractile force to facilitate retraction; however, Dictyostelium cells that lack myosin II (mhcA-) are still motile. To directly investigate the role of myosin II in contractility we used a gelatin traction force assay to measure the magnitude and dynamic redistribution of traction stresses generated by randomly moving wild-type, myosin II essential light chain null (mlcE-) and mhcA- cells. Our data show that for each cell type, periods of rapid, directed cell movement occur when an asymmetrical distribution of traction stress is present, in which traction stresses at the rear are significantly higher than those at the front. We found that the major determinants of cell speed are the rate and frequency at which traction stress asymmetry develops, not the absolute magnitude of traction stress. We conclude that traction stress asymmetry is important for rapid, polarized cell movement because high traction stresses at the rear promote retraction, whereas low traction at the front allows protrusion. We propose that myosin II motor activity increases the rate and frequency at which traction stress asymmetry develops, whereas actin crosslinking activity is important for stabilizing it.

Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Publishing Authors By Initials

ML Lombardi,DA Knecht,M Dembo,J Lee,

For similar natural sciences: time: time factors research abstracts see: natural sciences: time: time factors research

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Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Journal of cell science

VOLUME: 120

Page Numbers: 1624-34

Journal Abbreviation:

ISSN: 0021-9533

DAY: 1

MONTH: May

YEAR: 2007

Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 52457

Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Time Factors

MESH TERMS: physiology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement. Information

Substance Name: Myosin Type II

Registry Number: EC 3.6.1.-

Grant and Affiliation Information for Traction force microscopy in Dictyostelium reveals distinct roles for myosin II motor and actin-crosslinking activity in polarized cell movement.

AFFILIATION: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

Country: England

AGENCY: United States NIGMS

GRANT: GM-40590

ACRONYM: GM

MEDLINETA: J Cell Sci

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