Low-frequency reverberation in shallow water is a complex and difficult quantity to predict as its mean levels can be due to a combination of seafloor, sea surface, and fish scattering, coupled with propagation and system-dependent effects. In this paper the importance of having a physics-based modeling capability and the correct spatially-dependent environmental description will be demonstrated via data-model comparisons corresponding to monostatic data the authors have collected over the last 15 years in a range of distinct acoustic environments, from silt to sand to chalk to basalt. Additionally, the use of in situ measurements to both refine predictions and mitigate uncertainty is discussed. [Work supported by ONR.].
The effect of different environments on shallow-water reverberation: Measurements and modeling. Publishing Authors By Initials