The chapter describes and analyzes the most commonly used systems for online substitution fluid production in hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, covering in detail systems comprising 2 multiuse filters, or 2 multiuse filters in combination with 1 disposable filter. A generally applicable risk analysis for the process of online substitution fluid preparation is provided. It is concluded that both system variants discussed perform in a safe manner, provided the operator fully complies with the manufacturer's instructions for use.
Technical aspects of online hemodiafiltration. Publishing Authors By Initials