SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum.

SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Research Abstract Details 

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SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Abstract Text:

Wanjun Gu,David A Ray,Jerilyn A Walker,Erin W Barnes,Andrew J Gentles,Paul B Samollow,Jerzy Jurka,Mark A Batzer,David D Pollock,

Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs) are non-autonomous retrotransposons, usually between 100 and 500 base pairs (bp) in length, which are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic genomes. Their activity, distribution, and evolution can be highly informative on genomic structure and evolutionary processes. To determine recent activity, we amplified more than one hundred SINE1 loci in a panel of 43 M. domestica individuals derived from five diverse geographic locations. The SINE1 family has expanded recently enough that many loci were polymorphic, and the SINE1 insertion-based genetic distances among populations reflected geographic distance. Genome-wide comparisons of SINE1 densities and GC content revealed that high SINE1 density is associated with high GC content in a few long and many short spans. Young SINE1s, whether fixed or polymorphic, showed an unbiased GC content preference for insertion, indicating that the GC preference accumulates over long time periods, possibly in periodic bursts. SINE1 evolution is thus broadly similar to human Alu evolution, although it has an independent origin. High GC content adjacent to SINE1s is strongly correlated with bias towards higher AT to GC substitutions and lower GC to AT substitutions. This is consistent with biased gene conversion, and also indicates that like chickens, but unlike eutherian mammals, GC content heterogeneity (isochore structure) is reinforced by substitution processes in the M. domestica genome. Nevertheless, both high and low GC content regions are apparently headed towards lower GC content equilibria, possibly due to a relative shift to lower recombination rates in the recent Monodelphis ancestral lineage. Like eutherians, metatherian (marsupial) mammals have evolved high CpG substitution rates, but this is apparently a convergence in process rather than a shared ancestral state.

SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Publishing Authors By Initials

W Gu,DA Ray,JA Walker,EW Barnes,AJ Gentles,PB Samollow,J Jurka,MA Batzer,DD Pollock,

For similar cells: cellular structures: chromosomes: sex chromosomes: x chromosome research abstracts see: cells: cellular structures: chromosomes: sex chromosomes: x chromosome research

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SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Gene

VOLUME: 396

Page Numbers: 46-58

Journal Abbreviation: Gene

ISSN: 0378-1119

DAY: 19

MONTH: 03

YEAR: 2007

SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 7706761

SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: X Chromosome

MESH TERMS: genetics

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Grant and Affiliation Information for SINEs, evolution and genome structure in the opossum.

AFFILIATION: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Country: Netherlands

AGENCY: United States NIGMS

GRANT: R33 GM 065612

ACRONYM: GM

MEDLINETA: Gene

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