Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses.

Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Research Abstract Details 

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Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Abstract Text:

Guan Cao,Chien-Ping Ko,

Glial cells are active participants in the function, formation, and maintenance of the chemical synapse. To investigate the molecular basis of neuron-glia interactions at the peripheral synapse, we examined whether and how Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic function at developing neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Schwann cell-conditioned medium (SC-CM) from Xenopus Schwann cell cultures was collected and applied to Xenopus nerve-muscle cocultures. We found that SC-CM increased the frequency of spontaneous synaptic currents (SSCs) within 3-15 min by an average of approximately 150-fold at developing neuromuscular synapses. The increase in SSC frequency by SC-CM is a presynaptic effect independent of neuronal excitability and requires the influx of Ca2+. In contrast to its potentiating effect on spontaneous transmitter release, SC-CM suppressed the evoked transmitter release. The SC-CM effect required the presence of motoneuron soma but not protein synthesis. Using molecular weight cutoff filters and dialysis membranes, we found that the molecular weight of functional factor(s) in SC-CM was within 500 and 5000 Da. The SC-CM effect was not attributable to currently known factors that modulate synaptic efficacy, including neurotrophins, glutamate, and ATP. SC-CM also enhanced spontaneous synaptic release at developing NMJs in Xenopus tadpoles in situ. Our results suggest that Schwann cells release small molecules that enhance spontaneous synaptic activities acutely and potently at developing neuromuscular synapses, and the glial cell-enhanced spontaneous neurotransmission may contribute to synaptogenesis.

Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Publishing Authors By Initials

G Cao,CP Ko,

For similar animals: chordata: vertebrates: amphibia: anura: pipidae: xenopus: xenopus laevis research abstracts see: animals: chordata: vertebrates: amphibia: anura: pipidae: xenopus: xenopus laevis research

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MEDLINE DATE:

Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal

VOLUME: 27

Page Numbers: 6712-22

Journal Abbreviation: J. Neurosci.

ISSN: 1529-2401

DAY: 20

MONTH: Jun

YEAR: 2007

Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8102140

Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Xenopus laevis

MESH TERMS: physiology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses. Information

Substance Name: Culture Media, Conditioned

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses.

AFFILIATION: Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2520, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NINDS

GRANT: NS17954

ACRONYM: NS

MEDLINETA: J Neurosci

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