Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis.

Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Research Abstract Details 

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Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Abstract Text:

D Z Wang,R S Reiter,J L Lin,Q Wang,H S Williams,S L Krob,T M Schultheiss,S Evans,J J Lin,

A novel gene, Xin, from chick (cXin) and mouse (mXin) embryonic hearts, may be required for cardiac morphogenesis and looping. Both cloned cDNAs have a single open reading frame, encoding proteins with 2,562 and 1,677 amino acids for cXin and mXin, respectively. The derived amino acid sequences share 46% similarity. The overall domain structures of the predicted cXin and mXin proteins, including proline-rich regions, 16 amino acid repeats, DNA-binding domains, SH3-binding motifs and nuclear localization signals, are highly conserved. Northern blot analyses detect a single message of 8.9 and 5.8 kilo base (kb) from both cardiac and skeletal muscle of chick and mouse, respectively. In situ hybridization reveals that the cXin gene is specifically expressed in cardiac progenitor cells of chick embryos as early as stage 8, prior to heart tube formation. cXin continues to be expressed in the myocardium of developing hearts. By stage 15, cXin expression is also detected in the myotomes of developing somites. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that the mXin protein is colocalized with N-cadherin and connexin-43 in the intercalated discs of adult mouse hearts. Incubation of stage 6 chick embryos with cXin antisense oligonucleotides results in abnormal cardiac morphogenesis and an alteration of cardiac looping. The myocardium of the affected hearts becomes thickened and tends to form multiple invaginations into the heart cavity. This abnormal cellular process may account in part for the abnormal looping. cXin expression can be induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in explants of anterior medial mesoendoderm from stage 6 chick embryos, a tissue that is normally non-cardiogenic. This induction occurs following the BMP-mediated induction of two cardiac-restricted transcription factors, Nkx2.5 and MEF2C. Furthermore, either MEF2C or Nkx2.5 can transactivate a luciferase reporter driven by the mXin promoter in mouse fibroblasts. These results suggest that Xin may participate in a BMP-Nkx2.5-MEF2C pathway to control cardiac morphogenesis and looping.

Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Publishing Authors By Initials

DZ Wang,RS Reiter,JL Lin,Q Wang,HS Williams,SL Krob,TM Schultheiss,S Evans,JJ Lin,

For similar proteins: amphibian proteins: xenopus proteins research abstracts see: proteins: amphibian proteins: xenopus proteins research

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Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

VOLUME: 126

Page Numbers: 1281-94

Journal Abbreviation: Development

ISSN: 0950-1991

DAY: 19

MONTH: Mar

YEAR: 1999

Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8701744

Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Xenopus Proteins

MESH TERMS: pharmacology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. Information

Substance Name: Proline

Registry Number: 147-85-3

Grant and Affiliation Information for Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis.

AFFILIATION: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.

Country: ENGLAND

AGENCY: United States NHLBI

GRANT: HL42266

ACRONYM: HL

MEDLINETA: Development

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