Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis.

Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis. Research Abstract Details 

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Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis. Abstract Text:

Leonid E Fridlyand,Louis H Philipson,Leonid E Fridlyand,Louis H Philipson,

Insulin resistance (IRe) and a failure of insulin secretion are the major features of the early pathophysiology of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) but the etiology is still not well understood. We suggest that: 1. The cellular mechanisms that protect against oxidative stress per se are capable of creating a reactive species-dependent IRe. 2. Reactive species-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to disruption of lipid metabolism, increased intracellular lipid content, and can also contribute to lipid-dependent IRe in myocytes and adipocytes. 3. Metabolic secretagogues that stimulate insulin secretion by the activation of initial steps in the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion pathway can also lead to increased reactive species production and cellular destruction contributing to beta-cell damage and apoptosis. These events that underlie the repair mechanisms in beta-cells, muscle and adipocytes, are important factors in the early etiology of T2D, leading to both IRe and decreased insulin secretion. This hypothesis is supported by data from multiple disciplines and includes aging, obesity and genetic factors in promoting multiple failures in this system leading to the onset of T2D. On the basis of this hypothesis therapeutic strategies should be directed towards increasing insulin secretion and reducing IRe without increasing reactive species production or concentration. Pharmacological or other approaches that result in the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis could be beneficial for both IRe and T2D.

Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis. Publishing Authors By Initials

LE Fridlyand,LH Philipson,LE Fridlyand,LH Philipson,

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Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Current diabetes reviews

VOLUME: 2

Page Numbers: 241-59

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ISSN: 1573-3998

DAY: 28

MONTH: May

YEAR: 2006

Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Reactive species, cellular repair and risk factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: review and hypothesis.

AFFILIATION: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, MC-1027, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA. l-philipson@uchicago.edu.

Country: United Arab Emirates

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MEDLINETA: Curr Diabetes Rev

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