Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior.

Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior. Research Abstract Details 

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Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior. Abstract Text:

Winfried B Ksoll,Satoshi Ishii,Michael J Sadowsky,Randall E Hicks,

Epilithic periphyton communities were sampled at three sites on the Minnesota shoreline of Lake Superior from June 2004 to August 2005 to determine if fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli were present throughout the ice-free season. Fecal coliform densities increased up to 4 orders of magnitude in early summer, reached peaks of up to 1.4x10(5) CFU cm-2 by late July, and decreased during autumn. Horizontal, fluorophore-enhanced repetitive-PCR DNA fingerprint analyses indicated that the source for 2% to 44% of the E. coli bacteria isolated from these periphyton communities could be identified when compared with a library of E. coli fingerprints from animal hosts and sewage. Waterfowl were the major source (68 to 99%) of periphyton E. coli strains that could be identified. Several periphyton E. coli isolates were genotypically identical (>or=92% similarity), repeatedly isolated over time, and unidentified when compared to the source library, suggesting that these strains were naturalized members of periphyton communities. If the unidentified E. coli strains from periphyton were added to the known source library, then 57% to 81% of E. coli strains from overlying waters could be identified, with waterfowl (15 to 67%), periphyton (6 to 28%), and sewage effluent (8 to 28%) being the major potential sources. Inoculated E. coli rapidly colonized natural periphyton in laboratory microcosms and persisted for several weeks, and some cells were released to the overlying water. Our results indicate that E. coli from periphyton released into waterways confounds the use of this bacterium as a reliable indicator of recent fecal pollution.

Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior. Publishing Authors By Initials

WB Ksoll,S Ishii,MJ Sadowsky,RE Hicks,

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Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Applied and environmental microbiology

VOLUME: 73

Page Numbers: 3771-8

Journal Abbreviation: Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

ISSN: 0099-2240

DAY: 27

MONTH: 04

YEAR: 2007

Presence and sources of fecal coliform bacteria in epilithic periphyton communities of Lake Superior. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

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AFFILIATION: Department of Biology, 1035 Kirby Drive, SSB 207, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Appl Environ Microbiol

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