Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences.

Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Research Abstract Details 

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Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Abstract Text:

Takeshi Kon,Masahiro Nohara,Yusuke Yamanoue,Yoshihiro Fujiwara,Mutsumi Nishida,Teruaki Nishikawa,

BACKGROUND: The lancelet Asymmetron inferum (subphylum Cephalochordata) was recently discovered on the ocean floor off the southwest coast of Japan at a depth of 229 m, in an anaerobic and sulfide-rich environment caused by decomposing bodies of the sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus. This deep sulfide-rich habitat of A. inferum is unique among the lancelets. The distinguishing adaptation of this species to such an extraordinary habitat can be considered in a phylogenetic framework. As the first step of reconstruction of the evolutionary processes in this species, we investigated its phylogenetic position based on 11 whole mitochondrial genome sequences including the newly determined ones of the whale-fall lancelet A. inferum and two coral-reef congeners. RESULTS: Our phylogenetic analyses showed that extant lancelets are clustered into two major clades, the Asymmetron clade and the Epigonichthys + Branchiostoma clade. A. inferum was in the former and placed in the sister group to A. lucayanum complex. The divergence time between A. inferum and A. lucayanum complex was estimated to be 115 Mya using the penalized likelihood (PL) method or 97 Mya using the nonparametric rate smoothing (NPRS) method (the middle Cretaceous). These are far older than the first appearance of large whales (the middle Eocene, 40 Mya). We also discovered that A. inferum mitogenome (mitochondrial genome) has been subjected to large-scale gene rearrangements, one feature of rearrangements being unique among the lancelets and two features shared with A. lucayanum complex. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the monophyly of genus Asymmetron assumed on the basis of the morphological characters. Furthermore, the features of the A. inferum mitogenome expand our knowledge of variation within cephalochordate mitogenomes, adding a new case of transposition and inversion of the trnQ gene. Our divergence time estimation suggests that A. inferum remained a member of the Mesozoic and the early Cenozoic large vertebrate-fall communities before shifting to become a whale-fall specialist.

Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Publishing Authors By Initials

T Kon,M Nohara,Y Yamanoue,Y Fujiwara,M Nishida,T Nishikawa,

For similar investigative techniques: genetic techniques: sequence analysis: sequence analysis, dna research abstracts see: investigative techniques: genetic techniques: sequence analysis: sequence analysis, dna research

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Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: BMC evolutionary biology

VOLUME: 7

Page Numbers: 127

Journal Abbreviation: BMC Evol. Biol.

ISSN: 1471-2148

DAY: 31

MONTH: 07

YEAR: 2007

Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 100966975

Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Sequence Analysis, DNA

MESH TERMS: genetics

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences. Information

Substance Name: DNA, Mitochondrial

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences.

AFFILIATION: Department of Marine Bioscience, Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan. kon@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Country: England

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MEDLINETA: BMC Evol Biol

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