Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective.

Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Research Abstract Details 

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Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Abstract Text:

Tapas K Hazra,Aditi Das,Soumita Das,Sujata Choudhury,Yoke W Kow,Rabindra Roy,

Oxidatively induced DNA lesions have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases (including cancer) and in aging. Repair of oxidatively damaged bases in all organisms occurs primarily via the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, initiated with their excision by DNA glycosylases. Only two mammalian DNA glycosylases, OGG1 and NTH1 of E. coli Nth family, were previously characterized, which excise majority of the oxidatively damaged base lesions. We recently discovered and characterized two human orthologs of E. coli Nei, the prototype of the second family of oxidized base-specific glycosylases and named them NEIL (Nei-like)-1 and 2. NEILs are distinct from NTH1 and OGG1 in structural features and reaction mechanism but act on many of the same substrates. Nth-type DNA glycosylases after base excision, cleave the DNA strand at the resulting AP-site to produce a 3'-alphabeta unsaturated aldehyde whereas Nei-type enzymes produce 3'-phosphate terminus. E. coli APEs efficiently remove both types of termini in addition to cleaving AP sites to generate 3'-OH, the primer terminus for subsequent DNA repair synthesis. In contrast, the mammalian APE, APE1, which has an essential role in NTH1/OGG1-initiated BER, has negligible 3'-phosphatase activity and is dispensable for NEIL-initiated BER. Polynucleotide kinase (PNK), present in mammalian cells but not in E. coli, removes the 3' phosphate, and is involved in NEIL-initiated BER. NEILs show a unique preference for excising lesions from a DNA bubble, while most DNA glycosylases, including OGG1 and NTH1, are active only with duplex DNA. The dichotomy in the preference of NEILs and NTH1/OGG1 for bubble versus duplex DNA substrates suggests that NEILs function preferentially in repair of base lesions during replication and/or transcription and hence play a unique role in maintaining the functional integrity of mammalian genomes.

Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Publishing Authors By Initials

TK Hazra,A Das,S Das,S Choudhury,YW Kow,R Roy,

For similar biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition: biochemical phenomena: molecular structure: molecular conformation: protein conformation: protein structure, tertiary research abstracts see: biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition: biochemical phenomena: molecular structure: molecular conformation: protein conformation: protein structure, tertiary research

PUBMED ID PMID:

MEDLINE DATE:

Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Review

Journal: DNA repair

VOLUME: 6

Page Numbers: 470-80

Journal Abbreviation: DNA Repair (Amst.)

ISSN: 1568-7864

DAY: 20

MONTH: 11

YEAR: 2006

Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Information

Number of References: 95

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 101139138

Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Protein Structure, Tertiary

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective. Information

Substance Name: DNA Repair Enzymes

Registry Number: EC 6.5.1.-

Grant and Affiliation Information for Oxidative DNA damage repair in mammalian cells: a new perspective.

AFFILIATION: Sealy Center for Molecular Science and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 6.136 Medical Research Building, Route 1079, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. tkhazra@utmb.edu

Country: Netherlands

AGENCY: United States NIEHS

GRANT: P01 ES 06676

ACRONYM: ES

MEDLINETA: DNA Repair (Amst)

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