[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Research Abstract Details 

Research Abstract Table of Contents

Jump to the:

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Abstract Text:

Nobue K Iwata,Nobue K Iwata,

A reliable objective marker of upper motor neuron (UMN) involvement is critical for early diagnosis and monitoring disease course in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Lower motor neuron (LMN) involvement can be identified by electromyography, whereas UMN dysfunction has been currently distinguished solely by neurological examination. In the search for diagnostic tests to evaluate UMN involvement in ALS, numerous reports on new markers using neurophysiological and imaging techniques are accumulating. Transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluates the neurophysiological integrity of UMN. Although the diagnostic reliability and sensitivity of various parameters of central motor conduction measurement differ, central motor conduction time measurement using brainstem stimulation is potentially useful for determining UMN dysfunction by distinguishing lesions above the pyramidal decussation. MR-based techniques also have the potential to be used as diagnostic markers and are continuously improving as a modality to pursue early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease progression. Conventional MRI reveals hyperintensity along the corticospinal tract, hypointensity in the motor cortex, and atrophy of the precentral gyrus. There is a lack of agreement regarding sensitivity and specificity in detecting UMN abnormalities. Recent advances in magnetizing transfer imaging (MTI) provide more sensitive and accurate detection of corticospinal tract abnormality than conventional MRI. Reduction in N-acetyl-aspartate by proton magnetic spectroscopy in the motor cortex or the brainstem of the patients with ALS is reported with different techniques. Its diagnostic value in clinical assessment is uncertain and remains to be established. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reveals the structural integrity of neuronal fibers, and has great diagnostic promise for ALS. It shows reduced diffusion anisotropy in the corticospinal tract with good correlation with physiological index, reflecting UMN pathology. Diffusion tensor tractography allows for visualization and evaluation of corticospinal and corticobulbar tract dysfunction individually in patients with ALS. Although many of these new approaches do not yet reach clinical significance, they have been extensively explored in objective evaluation of upper motor function in patients with ALS. Further investigation is needed to determine and to compare the utility of various neurophysiological and neuroimaging markers.

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Publishing Authors By Initials

NK Iwata,NK Iwata,

For similar abstracts research abstracts see: abstracts research

PUBMED ID PMID:

MEDLINE DATE:

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyū no shinpo

VOLUME: 59

Page Numbers: 1053-64

Journal Abbreviation:

ISSN: 1881-6096

DAY: 30

MONTH: Oct

YEAR: 2007

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: jpn

NlmUniqueID: 101299709

[Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS:

MESH TERMS:

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: [Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis] Information

Substance Name:

Registry Number:

Grant and Affiliation Information for [Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]

AFFILIATION: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 5N226, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1428 Bethesda, MD 20892-1428, USA.

Country: Japan

AGENCY:

GRANT:

ACRONYM:

MEDLINETA: Brain Nerve

REFSOURCE:

DATABASENAME:

ACCESSION NUMBER:

Number Hits: 0

Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Related Publications

• A case of biopsy-proven leptomeningeal amyloidosis and intravenous Ig-responsive polyneuropathy associated with the Ala25Thr transthyretin gene mutation.
• A case of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast.
• Bench to bedside strategies for optimizing neuroprotection following perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia in high and low resource settings.
• Complement activation on surfaces carrying amino groups.
• Complement activation on surfaces modified with ethylene glycol units.
• Differentiation of feline coronavirus type I and II infections by virus neutralization test.
• Fine structure and enzymatic degradation of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] and stereocomplexed poly(lactide) nanofibers.
• Genome scan to detect genetic structure and adaptive genes of natural populations of Cryptomeria japonica.
• High titre of anti-Ascaris immunoglobulin E associated with bronchial asthma symptoms in 5-year-old rural Bangladeshi children.
• Induction of dopamine-releasing cells from primate embryonic stem cells enclosed in agarose microcapsules.
• Involvement of spinal motor neurons in parkin-positive autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism.
• Islet-encapsulation in ultra-thin layer-by-layer membranes of poly(vinyl alcohol) anchored to poly(ethylene glycol)-lipids in the cell membrane.
• Isolated limb sensory disturbance accompanied with sudden deafness from vertebral artery dissection: A case report.
• Lack of circadian regulation of melatonin rhythms in the sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in vivo and in vitro.
• Memory deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with dementia and degeneration of the perforant pathway A clinicopathological study.
• Microencapsulated feeder cells as a source of soluble factors for expansion of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells.
• Organization of pERK-immunoreactive cells in trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis and upper cervical cord following capsaicin injection into oral and craniofacial regions in rats.
• Phosphorylation of ERK in trigeminal spinal nucleus neurons following passive jaw movement in rats with chronic temporomandibular joint inflammation.
• Purification of human plasma alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and its inactivation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase.
• Ribonucleic acid synthesis in nuclei isolated from rat liver.
• Scaffolds from electrospun polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers: Fabrication, characterization, bioabsorption and tissue response.
• Structure and function of bacterial cytochrome c oxidase.
• The development of alternative vitrification solutions for microencapsulated islets.
• Turnover of proteoglycans by chick lens epithelial cells in cell culture and intact lens.
• Ultrastructural study on the specific binding of genetically engineered epidermal growth factor to type I collagen fibrils.
• [A simple screening test for risk of falls in the elderly]
• [Apraxia (author's transl)]
• [Objective markers for upper motor neuron involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]
• [Penicillin iontophoresis.]
• [Treatment of nasal allergies.]