Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer.

Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Research Abstract Details 

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Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Abstract Text:

Aruna V Krishnan,Jacqueline Moreno,Larisa Nonn,Peter Malloy,Srilatha Swami,Lihong Peng,Donna M Peehl,David Feldman,

Calcitriol, the hormonally active form of Vitamin D, inhibits the growth and development of many cancers through multiple mechanisms. Our recent research supports the contributory role of several new and diverse pathways that add to the mechanisms already established as playing a role in the actions of calcitriol to inhibit the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Calcitriol increases the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which plays a critical role in the inhibition of PCa cell growth by increasing the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Calcitriol inhibits the prostaglandin (PG) pathway by three actions: (i) the inhibition of the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the enzyme that synthesizes PGs, (ii) the induction of the expression of 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), the enzyme that inactivates PGs and (iii) decreasing the expression of EP and FP PG receptors that are essential for PG signaling. Since PGs have been shown to promote carcinogenesis and progression of multiple cancers, the inhibition of the PG pathway may add to the ability of calcitriol to prevent and inhibit PCa development and growth. The combination of calcitriol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) result in a synergistic inhibition of PCa cell growth and offers a potential therapeutic strategy. Mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase 5 (MKP5) is a member of a family of phosphatases that are negative regulators of MAP kinases. Calcitriol induces MKP5 expression in prostate cells leading to the selective dephosphorylation and inactivation of the stress-activated kinase p38. Since p38 activation is pro-carcinogenic and is a mediator of inflammation, this calcitriol action, especially coupled with the inhibition of the PG pathway, contributes to the chemopreventive activity of calcitriol in PCa. Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) has been evaluated for its inhibitory effects in cancers of the reproductive tissues and is in development as an anti-cancer drug. Calcitriol induces MIS expression in prostate cells revealing yet another mechanism contributing to the anti-cancer activity of calcitriol in PCa. Thus, we conclude that calcitriol regulates myriad pathways that contribute to the potential chemopreventive and therapeutic utility of calcitriol in PCa.

Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Publishing Authors By Initials

AV Krishnan,J Moreno,L Nonn,P Malloy,S Swami,L Peng,DM Peehl,D Feldman,

For similar biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity: cell physiology: cell communication: signal transduction research abstracts see: biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity: cell physiology: cell communication: signal transduction research

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Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular

VOLUME: 103

Page Numbers: 694-702

Journal Abbreviation: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.

ISSN: 0960-0760

DAY: 16

MONTH: 01

YEAR: 2007

Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 9015483

Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Signal Transduction

MESH TERMS: drug effects

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer. Information

Substance Name: Calcitriol

Registry Number: 32222-06-3

Grant and Affiliation Information for Novel pathways that contribute to the anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities of calcitriol in prostate cancer.

AFFILIATION: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Country: England

AGENCY: United States NIDDK

GRANT: DK 42482

ACRONYM: DK

MEDLINETA: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol

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