Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells.

Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Research Abstract Details 

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Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Abstract Text:

Shilpa Vyas-Read,Philip W Shaul,Ivan S Yuhanna,Brigham C Willis,

Patients with interstitial lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), suffer from lung fibrosis secondary to myofibroblast-mediated excessive ECM deposition and destruction of lung architecture. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) to myofibroblasts both in vitro and in vivo. Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) attenuates ECM accumulation, enhances lung growth, and decreases alveolar myofibroblast number in experimental models. We therefore hypothesized that NO attenuates TGF-beta1-induced EMT in cultured AEC. Studies of the capacity for endogenous NO production in AEC revealed that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are expressed and active in AEC. Total NOS activity was 1.3 pmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1) with 67% derived from eNOS. TGF-beta1 (50 pM) suppressed eNOS expression by more than 60% and activity by 83% but did not affect iNOS expression or activity. Inhibition of endogenous NOS with l-NAME led to spontaneous EMT, manifested by increased alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression and a fibroblast-like morphology. Provision of exogenous NO to TGF-beta1-treated AEC decreased stress fiber-associated alpha-SMA expression and decreased collagen I expression by 80%. NO-treated AEC also retained an epithelial morphology and expressed increased lamellar protein, E-cadherin, and pro-surfactant protein B compared with those treated with TGF-beta alone. These findings indicate that NO serves a critical role in preserving an epithelial phenotype and in attenuating EMT in AEC. NO-mediated regulation of AEC fate may have important implications in the pathophysiology and treatment of diseases such as IPF and BPD.

Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Publishing Authors By Initials

S Vyas-Read,PW Shaul,IS Yuhanna,BC Willis,

For similar peptides: intercellular signaling peptides and proteins: cytokines: transforming growth factor beta: transforming growth factor beta1 research abstracts see: peptides: intercellular signaling peptides and proteins: cytokines: transforming growth factor beta: transforming growth factor beta1 research

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Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and

VOLUME: 293

Page Numbers: L212-21

Journal Abbreviation: Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol.

ISSN: 1040-0605

DAY: 11

MONTH: 05

YEAR: 2007

Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 100901229

Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Transforming Growth Factor beta1

MESH TERMS: pharmacology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Information

Substance Name: Nitric Oxide Synthase

Registry Number: EC 1.14.13.39

Grant and Affiliation Information for Nitric oxide attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells.

AFFILIATION: Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9063, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NHLBI

GRANT: U01-HL-63399

ACRONYM: HL

MEDLINETA: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Phy

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