Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress.

Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Research Abstract Details 

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Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Abstract Text:

Jason D Gray,Michael Punsoni,Nora E Tabori,Jay T Melton,Victoria Fanslow,Mary J Ward,Bojana Zupan,David Menzer,Jackson Rice,Carrie T Drake,Russell D Romeo,Wayne G Brake,Annelyn Torres-Reveron,Teresa A Milner,

Thousands of children receive methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin) for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet the long-term neurochemical consequences of MPH treatment are unknown. To mimic clinical Ritalin treatment in children, male rats were injected with MPH (5 mg/kg) or vehicle twice daily from postnatal day 7 (PND7)-PND35. At the end of administration (PND35) or in adulthood (PND135), brain sections from littermate pairs were immunocytochemically labeled for neurotransmitters and cytological markers in 16 regions implicated in MPH effects and/or ADHD etiology. At PND35, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats given MPH showed 55% greater immunoreactivity (-ir) for the catecholamine marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), 60% more Nissl-stained cells, and 40% less norepinephrine transporter (NET)-ir density. In hippocampal dentate gyrus, MPH-receiving rats showed a 51% decrease in NET-ir density and a 61% expanded distribution of the new-cell marker PSA-NCAM (polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule). In medial striatum, TH-ir decreased by 21%, and in hypothalamus neuropeptide Y-ir increased by 10% in MPH-exposed rats. At PND135, MPH-exposed rats exhibited decreased anxiety in the elevated plus-maze and a trend for decreased TH-ir in the mPFC. Neither PND35 nor PND135 rats showed major structural differences with MPH exposure. These findings suggest that developmental exposure to high therapeutic doses of MPH has short-term effects on select neurotransmitters in brain regions involved in motivated behaviors, cognition, appetite, and stress. Although the observed neuroanatomical changes largely resolve with time, chronic modulation of young brains with MPH may exert effects on brain neurochemistry that modify some behaviors even in adulthood.

Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Publishing Authors By Initials

JD Gray,M Punsoni,NE Tabori,JT Melton,V Fanslow,MJ Ward,B Zupan,D Menzer,J Rice,CT Drake,RD Romeo,WG Brake,A Torres-Reveron,TA Milner,

For similar pathological conditions, signs and symptoms: pathologic processes: stress research abstracts see: pathological conditions, signs and symptoms: pathologic processes: stress research

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Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal

VOLUME: 27

Page Numbers: 7196-207

Journal Abbreviation: J. Neurosci.

ISSN: 1529-2401

DAY: 4

MONTH: Jul

YEAR: 2007

Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8102140

Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Stress

MESH TERMS: prevention & control

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress. Information

Substance Name: Methylphenidate

Registry Number: 113-45-1

Grant and Affiliation Information for Methylphenidate administration to juvenile rats alters brain areas involved in cognition, motivated behaviors, appetite, and stress.

AFFILIATION: Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIMH

GRANT: R21MH63769

ACRONYM: MH

MEDLINETA: J Neurosci

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