Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization.

Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Research Abstract Details 

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Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Abstract Text:

Faqiang Li,Christina Murillo,Eleanore T Wurtzel,

Carotenoids are a diverse group of pigments found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. They serve essential functions in plants and provide health benefits for humans and animals. In plants, it was thought that conversion of the C40 carotenoid backbone, 15-cis-phytoene, to all-trans-lycopene, the geometrical isomer required by downstream enzymes, required two desaturases (phytoene desaturase and zeta-carotene desaturase [ZDS]) plus a carotene isomerase (CRTISO), in addition to light-mediated photoisomerization of the 15-cis-double bond; bacteria employ only a single enzyme, CRTI. Characterization of the maize (Zea mays) pale yellow9 (y9) locus has brought to light a new isomerase required in plant carotenoid biosynthesis. We report that maize Y9 encodes a factor required for isomerase activity upstream of CRTISO, which we term Z-ISO, an activity that catalyzes the cis- to trans-conversion of the 15-cis-bond in 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene, the product of phytoene desaturase, to form 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene, the substrate of ZDS. We show that recessive y9 alleles condition accumulation of 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene in dark tissues, such as roots and etiolated leaves, in contrast to accumulation of 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene in a ZDS mutant, viviparous9. We also identify a locus in Euglena gracilis, which is similarly required for Z-ISO activity. These data, taken together with the geometrical isomer substrate requirement of ZDS in evolutionarily distant plants, suggest that Z-ISO activity is not unique to maize, but will be found in all higher plants. Further analysis of this new gene-controlled step is critical to understanding regulation of this essential biosynthetic pathway.

Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Publishing Authors By Initials

F Li,C Murillo,ET Wurtzel,

For similar organic chemicals: hydrocarbons: hydrocarbons, acyclic: alkenes: polyenes: carotenoids: zeta carotene research abstracts see: organic chemicals: hydrocarbons: hydrocarbons, acyclic: alkenes: polyenes: carotenoids: zeta carotene research

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Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, N.I.H., Extr

Journal: Plant physiology

VOLUME: 144

Page Numbers: 1181-9

Journal Abbreviation: Plant Physiol.

ISSN: 0032-0889

DAY: 13

MONTH: 04

YEAR: 2007

Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 401224

Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: zeta Carotene

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization. Information

Substance Name: zeta Carotene

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Maize Y9 encodes a product essential for 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerization.

AFFILIATION: Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIGMS

GRANT: S06-GM08225

ACRONYM: GM

MEDLINETA: Plant Physiol

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