Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA.

Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Research Abstract Details 

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Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Abstract Text:

Jintae Lee,Arul Jayaraman,Thomas K Wood,

BACKGROUND: As a stationary phase signal, indole is secreted in large quantities into rich medium by Escherichia coli and has been shown to control several genes (e.g., astD, tnaB, gabT), multi-drug exporters, and the pathogenicity island of E. coli; however, its impact on biofilm formation has not been well-studied. RESULTS: Through a series of global transcriptome analyses, confocal microscopy, isogenic mutants, and dual-species biofilms, we show here that indole is a non-toxic signal that controls E. coli biofilms by repressing motility, inducing the sensor of the quorum sensing signal autoinducer-1 (SdiA), and influencing acid resistance (e.g., hdeABD, gadABCEX). Isogenic mutants showed these associated proteins are directly related to biofilm formation (e.g., the sdiA mutation increased biofilm formation 50-fold), and SdiA-mediated transcription was shown to be influenced by indole. The reduction in motility due to indole addition results in the biofilm architecture changing from scattered towers to flat colonies. Additionally, there are 12-fold more E. coli cells in dual-species biofilms grown in the presence of Pseudomonas cells engineered to express toluene o-monooxygenase (TOM, which converts indole to an insoluble indigoid) than in biofilms with pseudomonads that do not express TOM due to a 22-fold reduction in extracellular indole. Also, indole stimulates biofilm formation in pseudomonads. Further evidence that the indole effects are mediated by SdiA and homoserine lactone quorum sensing is that the addition of N-butyryl-, N-hexanoyl-, and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactones repress E. coli biofilm formation in the wild-type strain but not with the sdiA mutant. CONCLUSION: Indole is an interspecies signal that decreases E. coli biofilms through SdiA and increases those of pseudomonads. Indole may be manipulated to control biofilm formation by oxygenases of bacteria that do not synthesize it in a dual-species biofilm. Furthermore, E. coli changes its biofilm in response to signals it cannot synthesize (homoserine lactones), and pseudomonads respond to signals they do not synthesize (indole).

Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Publishing Authors By Initials

J Lee,A Jayaraman,TK Wood,

For similar amino acids, peptides, and proteins: amino acids: amino acids, cyclic: amino acids, aromatic: tryptophan research abstracts see: amino acids, peptides, and proteins: amino acids: amino acids, cyclic: amino acids, aromatic: tryptophan research

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Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: BMC microbiology

VOLUME: 7

Page Numbers: 42

Journal Abbreviation: BMC Microbiol.

ISSN: 1471-2180

DAY: 18

MONTH: 05

YEAR: 2007

Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 100966981

Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Tryptophan

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA. Information

Substance Name: 4-Butyrolactone

Registry Number: 96-48-0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Indole is an inter-species biofilm signal mediated by SdiA.

AFFILIATION: Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA. Jintae.Lee@chemail.tamu.edu <Jintae.Lee@chemail.tamu.edu>

Country: England

AGENCY: United States NIBIB

GRANT: EB003872-01A1

ACRONYM: EB

MEDLINETA: BMC Microbiol

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