Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function.

Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Research Abstract Details 

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Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Abstract Text:

Blanche Young,Nancy Minugh-Purvis,Tsuyoshi Shimo,Benoit St-Jacques,Masahiro Iwamoto,Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto,Eiki Koyama,Maurizio Pacifici,

The synchondroses consist of mirror-image growth plates and are critical for cranial base elongation, but relatively little is known about their formation and regulation. Here we show that synchondrosis development is abnormal in Indian hedgehog-null mice. The Ihh(-/-) cranial bases displayed reduced growth and chondrocyte proliferation, but chondrocyte hypertrophy was widespread. Rather than forming a typical narrow zone, Ihh(-/-) hypertrophic chondrocytes occupied an elongated central portion of each growth plate and were flanked by immature collagen II-expressing chondrocytes facing perichondrial tissues. Endochondral ossification was delayed in much of the Ihh(-/-) cranial bases but, surprisingly, was unaffected most posteriorly. Searching for an explanation, we found that notochord remnants near incipient spheno-occipital synchondroses at E13.5 expressed Sonic hedgehog and local chondrocytes expressed Patched, suggesting that Shh had sustained chondrocyte maturation and occipital ossification. Equally unexpected, Ihh(-/-) growth plates stained poorly with Alcian blue and contained low aggrecan transcript levels. A comparable difference was seen in cultured wild-type versus Ihh(-/-) synchondrosis chondrocytes. Treatment with exogenous Ihh did not fully restore normal proteoglycan levels in mutant cultures, but a combination of Ihh and BMP-2 did. In summary, Ihh is required for multiple processes during synchondrosis and cranial base development, including growth plate zone organization, chondrocyte orientation, and proteoglycan production. The cranial base appears to be a skeletal structure in which growth and ossification patterns along its antero-posterior axis are orchestrated by both Ihh and Shh.

Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Publishing Authors By Initials

B Young,N Minugh-Purvis,T Shimo,B St-Jacques,M Iwamoto,M Enomoto-Iwamoto,E Koyama,M Pacifici,

For similar body regions: head: skull base research abstracts see: body regions: head: skull base research

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Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, N.I.H., Extr

Journal: Developmental biology

VOLUME: 299

Page Numbers: 272-82

Journal Abbreviation: Dev. Biol.

ISSN: 0012-1606

DAY: 29

MONTH: 07

YEAR: 2006

Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 372762

Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Skull Base

MESH TERMS: pathology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function. Information

Substance Name: ihh protein, mouse

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Indian and sonic hedgehogs regulate synchondrosis growth plate and cranial base development and function.

AFFILIATION: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19017, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States PHS

GRANT: T32EES07282-12

ACRONYM: AR

MEDLINETA: Dev Biol

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