Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus.

Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus. Research Abstract Details 

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Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus. Abstract Text:

Dong Jiang,Haitao Guo,Chunxiao Xu,Jinhong Chang,Baohua Gu,Lijuan Wang,Timothy M Block,Ju-Tao Guo,

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a common cause of chronic hepatitis and is currently treated with alpha interferon (IFN-alpha)-based therapies. However, the underlying mechanism of IFN-alpha therapy remains to be elucidated. To identify the cellular proteins that mediate the antiviral effects of IFN-alpha, we created a HEK293-based cell culture system to inducibly express individual interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and determined their antiviral effects against HCV. By screening 29 ISGs that are induced in Huh7 cells by IFN-alpha and/or up-regulated in HCV-infected livers, we discovered that viperin, ISG20, and double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) noncytolytically inhibited the replication of HCV replicons. Mechanistically, inhibition of HCV replication by ISG20 and PKR depends on their 3'-5' exonuclease and protein kinase activities, respectively. Moreover, our work, for the first time, provides strong evidence suggesting that viperin is a putative radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) enzyme. In addition to demonstrating that the antiviral activity of viperin depends on its radical SAM domain, which contains conserved motifs to coordinate [4Fe-4S] cluster and cofactor SAM and is essential for its enzymatic activity, mutagenesis studies also revealed that viperin requires an aromatic amino acid residue at its C terminus for proper antiviral function. Furthermore, although the N-terminal 70 amino acid residues of viperin are not absolutely required, deletion of this region significantly compromises its antiviral activity against HCV. Our findings suggest that viperin represents a novel antiviral pathway that works together with other antiviral proteins, such as ISG20 and PKR, to mediate the IFN response against HCV infection.

Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus. Publishing Authors By Initials

D Jiang,H Guo,C Xu,J Chang,B Gu,L Wang,TM Block,JT Guo,

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Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Journal of virology

VOLUME: 82

Page Numbers: 1665-78

Journal Abbreviation: J. Virol.

ISSN: 1098-5514

DAY: 12

MONTH: 12

YEAR: 2007

Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 113724

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus.

AFFILIATION: Drexel Institute for Biotechnology and Virology Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIAID

GRANT: AI061441

ACRONYM: AI

MEDLINETA: J Virol

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