Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms.

Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Research Abstract Details 

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Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Abstract Text:

Trevor M Penning,Jason E Drury,

Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are a superfamily of NAD(P)H linked oxidoreductases that are generally monomeric 34-37kDa proteins present in all phyla. The superfamily consists of 15 families, which contains 151 members (www.med.upenn.edu/akr). Thirteen human AKRs exist that use endogenous substrates (sugar and lipid aldehydes, prostaglandins, retinals and steroid hormones), and in many instances they regulate nuclear receptor signaling. Exogenous substrates include metabolites implicated in chemical carcinogenesis: NNK (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols, and aflatoxin dialdehyde. Promoter analysis of the human genes identifies common elements involved in their regulation which include osmotic response elements, anti-oxidant response elements, xenobiotic response elements, AP-1 sites and steroid response elements. The human AKRs are highly polymorphic, and in some instances single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of high penetrance exist. This suggests that there will be inter-individual variation in endogenous and xenobiotic metabolism which in turn affect susceptibility to nuclear receptor signaling and chemical carcinogenesis.

Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Publishing Authors By Initials

TM Penning,JE Drury,

For similar proteins: receptors, cytoplasmic and nuclear research abstracts see: proteins: receptors, cytoplasmic and nuclear research

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Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Review

Journal: Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

VOLUME: 464

Page Numbers: 241-50

Journal Abbreviation: Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

ISSN: 0003-9861

DAY: 11

MONTH: 05

YEAR: 2007

Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Information

Number of References: 114

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 372430

Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Information

Substance Name: carbonyl reductase (NADPH)

Registry Number: EC 1.1.1.184

Grant and Affiliation Information for Human aldo-keto reductases: Function, gene regulation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms.

AFFILIATION: Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 130 C John Morgan Bldg., 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, USA. penning@pharm.med.upenn.edu

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIDDK

GRANT: R01-DK47015-13

ACRONYM: DK

MEDLINETA: Arch Biochem Biophys

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