Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts.

Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts. Research Abstract Details 

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Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts. Abstract Text:

Object-location memory is the only spatial task where female subjects have been shown to outperform males. This result is not consistent across all studies, and may be due to the combination of the multi-component structure of object location memory with the conditions under which different studies were done. Possible gender differences in object location memory and its component object identity memory were assessed in the present study. In order to disentangle these two components, an object location memory task (in which objects had to be relocated in daily environments), and a separate object identity recognition task were carried out. This study also focused on the conditions under which object locations were encoded and retrieved. Only half of the participants were aware of the fact that object locations had to be retrieved later on. Moreover, by applying the 'process dissociation procedure' to the object location memory assessments and the 'remember-know' paradigm to the object identity measure, the amount of explicit (conscious) and implicit (unconscious) retrieval was estimated for each component. In general, females performed better than males on the object location memory task. However, when controlled for object identity memory, females no longer outperformed males, whereas they did not obtain a higher general object identity memory score, nor did they have more explicit or implicit recollection of the object identities. These complicated effects might stem from a difference between males and females, in the way locations or associations between objects and locations are retrieved. In general, participants had more explicit (conscious) recollection than implicit (unconscious) recollection. No effect of encoding context was found, nor any interaction effect of gender, encoding and retrieval context.

Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts. Publishing Authors By Initials

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Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Brain and cognition

VOLUME: 66

Page Numbers: 232-42

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ISSN: 0278-2626

DAY: 22

MONTH: 10

YEAR: 2007

Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Gender differences in memory for objects and their locations: A study on automatic versus controlled encoding and retrieval contexts.

AFFILIATION: Helmholtz Research Instituut, Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3583 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Brain Cogn

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