Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes.

Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes. Research Abstract Details 

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Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes. Abstract Text:

Eliseo A Eugenin,Joan W Berman,Eliseo A Eugenin,Joan W Berman,

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry into the CNS is an early event after infection, resulting in neurological dysfunction in a significant number of individuals. As people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) live longer, the prevalence of cognitive impairment is increasing, despite antiretroviral therapy. The mechanisms that mediate CNS dysfunction are still not completely understood, and include inflammation, viral presence, and/or replication. In this report, we characterize a novel role of gap junctions in transmitting and thereby amplifying toxic signals originating from HIV-infected astrocytes that trigger cell death in uninfected astrocytes. HIV-infected astrocytes were resistant to apoptosis; however, uninfected astrocytes forming gap junctions with infected astrocytes were apoptotic. Gap junction blockers abolished apoptosis in uninfected astrocytes, supporting the role of these channels in amplifying cell death. Our findings describe a novel mechanism of toxicity within the brain, triggered by low numbers of HIV-infected astrocytes and amplified by gap junctions, contributing to the pathogenesis of NeuroAIDS.

Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes. Publishing Authors By Initials

EA Eugenin,JW Berman,EA Eugenin,JW Berman,

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Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, N.I.H., Extr

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal

VOLUME: 27

Page Numbers: 12844-50

Journal Abbreviation: J. Neurosci.

ISSN: 1529-2401

DAY: 21

MONTH: Nov

YEAR: 2007

Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8102140

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Gap junctions mediate human immunodeficiency virus-bystander killing in astrocytes.

AFFILIATION: Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York 10461, USA. eeugenin@aecom.yu.edu

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NINDS

GRANT: NS11920

ACRONYM: NS

MEDLINETA: J Neurosci

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