Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism.

Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Research Abstract Details 

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Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Abstract Text:

Pawel Mroz,Anna Pawlak,Minahil Satti,Haeryeon Lee,Tim Wharton,Hariprasad Gali,Tadeusz Sarna,Michael R Hamblin,

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) employs the combination of nontoxic photosensitizers (PS) and harmless visible light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and kill cells. Most clinically studied PS are based on the tetrapyrrole structure of porphyrins, chlorines, and related molecules, but new nontetrapyrrole PS are being sought. Fullerenes are soccer-ball shaped molecules composed of 60 or 70 carbon atoms and have attracted interest in connection with the search for biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Fullerenes are biologically inert unless derivatized with functional groups, whereupon they become soluble and can act as PS. We have compared the photodynamic activity of six functionalized fullerenes with 1, 2, or 3 hydrophilic or 1, 2, or 3 cationic groups. The octanol-water partition coefficients were determined and the relative contributions of Type I photochemistry (photogeneration of superoxide in the presence of NADH) and Type II photochemistry (photogeneration of singlet oxygen) were studied by measurement of oxygen consumption, 1270-nm luminescence and EPR spin trapping of the superoxide product. We studied three mouse cancer cell lines: (J774, LLC, and CT26) incubated for 24 h with fullerenes and illuminated with white light. The order of effectiveness as PS was inversely proportional to the degree of substitution of the fullerene nucleus for both the neutral and the cationic series. The monopyrrolidinium fullerene was the most active PS against all cell lines and induced apoptosis 4-6 h after illumination. It produced diffuse intracellular fluorescence when dichlorodihydrofluorescein was added as an ROS probe, suggesting a Type I mechanism for phototoxicity. We conclude that certain functionalized fullerenes have potential as novel PDT agents and phototoxicity may be mediated both by superoxide and by singlet oxygen.

Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Publishing Authors By Initials

P Mroz,A Pawlak,M Satti,H Lee,T Wharton,H Gali,T Sarna,MR Hamblin,

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Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Free radical biology & medicine

VOLUME: 43

Page Numbers: 711-9

Journal Abbreviation: Free Radic. Biol. Med.

ISSN: 0891-5849

DAY: 10

MONTH: 05

YEAR: 2007

Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8709159

Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Water

MESH TERMS: chemistry

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism. Information

Substance Name: Water

Registry Number: 7732-18-5

Grant and Affiliation Information for Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: Type I versus Type II photochemical mechanism.

AFFILIATION: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIAID

GRANT: R44AI68400

ACRONYM: AI

MEDLINETA: Free Radic Biol Med

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