From one amino acid to another: tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis.

From one amino acid to another: tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis. Research Abstract Details 

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From one amino acid to another: tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis. Abstract Text:

Kelly Sheppard,Jing Yuan,Michael J Hohn,Brian Jester,Kevin M Devine,Dieter ,Kelly Sheppard,Jing Yuan,Michael J Hohn,Brian Jester,Kevin M Devine,Dieter ,

Aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) are the essential substrates for translation. Most aa-tRNAs are formed by direct aminoacylation of tRNA catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. However, a smaller number of aa-tRNAs (Asn-tRNA, Gln-tRNA, Cys-tRNA and Sec-tRNA) are made by synthesizing the amino acid on the tRNA by first attaching a non-cognate amino acid to the tRNA, which is then converted to the cognate one catalyzed by tRNA-dependent modifying enzymes. Asn-tRNA or Gln-tRNA formation in most prokaryotes requires amidation of Asp-tRNA or Glu-tRNA by amidotransferases that couple an amidase or an asparaginase to liberate ammonia with a tRNA-dependent kinase. Both archaeal and eukaryotic Sec-tRNA biosynthesis and Cys-tRNA synthesis in methanogens require O-phosophoseryl-tRNA formation. For tRNA-dependent Cys biosynthesis, O-phosphoseryl-tRNA synthetase directly attaches the amino acid to the tRNA which is then converted to Cys by Sep-tRNA: Cys-tRNA synthase. In Sec-tRNA synthesis, O-phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase phosphorylates Ser-tRNA to form the intermediate which is then modified to Sec-tRNA by Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase. Complex formation between enzymes in the same pathway may protect the fidelity of protein synthesis. How these tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthetic routes are integrated into overall metabolism may explain why they are still retained in so many organisms.

From one amino acid to another: tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis. Publishing Authors By Initials

K Sheppard,J Yuan,MJ Hohn,B Jester,KM Devine,D ,K Sheppard,J Yuan,MJ Hohn,B Jester,KM Devine,D ,

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From one amino acid to another: tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Nucleic acids research

VOLUME: 36

Page Numbers: 1813-25

Journal Abbreviation: Nucleic Acids Res.

ISSN: 1362-4962

DAY: 5

MONTH: 02

YEAR: 2008

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LANGUAGE: eng

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AFFILIATION: Departments of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland and Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA.

Country: England

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MEDLINETA: Nucleic Acids Res

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