Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque.

Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque. Research Abstract Details 

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Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque. Abstract Text:

Michael W Miller,Michael W Miller,Michael W Miller,

The present study tests the hypothesis that a critical window for cortical development coincides with the period of neural stem cell proliferation (during the first 6 weeks of gestation), specifically, gastrulation (on embryonic day [E] 19 and E20). Pregnant female macaques were exposed to ethanol 1 day/week for 6 or 24 weeks such that it included E19 or E20 or a time before or after the time of gastrulation. Total forebrain size was increased in macaques exposed to ethanol on E19 or E20. Thus, various features of the gray and white matter of the paracentral lobule of adolescent offspring were examined. Ethanol exposure affected the gray matter, for example, the 1.63 billion neurons in somatosensory cortex of controls (areas 3a and 3b) was 32% lower in ethanol-exposed monkeys, but neither duration nor timing of the episodic exposure had a differential effect. In contrast, the timing of the exposure during the third week critically affected the amount of white matter (the mass of myelopil, but not cell number). Therefore, fetal exposure to ethanol unveils a normal programing mechanism wherein neural stem cells appear to be a target and a critical window for forebrain development concurs with gastrulation.

Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque. Publishing Authors By Initials

MW Miller,MW Miller,MW Miller,

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Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

VOLUME: 17

Page Numbers: 2961-71

Journal Abbreviation: Cereb. Cortex

ISSN: 1047-3211

DAY: 26

MONTH: 03

YEAR: 2007

Exposure to Ethanol during Gastrulation Alters Somatosensory Motor Cortices and the Underlying White Matter in the Macaque. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

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AFFILIATION: Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Cereb Cortex

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