Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation.

Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Research Abstract Details 

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Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Abstract Text:

Bradley A Lambie,Carrie Brennan,Jessica Olofsson,Owe Orwar,Stephen G Weber,

Single-cell electroporation uses microelectrodes, capillaries, or micropipets positioned near single, adherent cells to increase transiently the membrane permeability of the cell. The increased permeability permits, for example, transfection without chemical reagents. When using microelectrodes to apply an electric field to the cell, there is a question of how much voltage to apply. Unlike in bulk electroporation, where hundreds of volts may be applied between electrodes, a rather small voltage is applied to a microelectrode in single-cell electroporation. In the single-cell experiment with microelectrodes, a substantial fraction of the voltage is lost at the interface and does not therefore exist in solution. This problem is the same as the classical electrochemist's problem of knowing the "iR" drop in solution and correcting for it to obtain true interfacial potential differences. Therefore, we have used current interruption to determine the iR drop in solution near microcylinder electrodes. As the field is inhomogeneous, calculations are required to understand the field distribution. Results of the current interruption are validated by comparing two independent measurements of the resistance in solution: one value results from the measured iR drop in conjunction with the known applied current. The other value results from a measured solution conductivity and a computed cell constant. We find substantial agreement in the range of resistances from about 2 to 50 kOmega, but not at higher resistances. We propose a simple, four-step plan that takes a few minutes to calculate the approximate current required to electroporate a cell with an electrode of a particular size, shape, and distance from the cell. We validate the approach with electroporation of single A549 cells.

Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Publishing Authors By Initials

BA Lambie,C Brennan,J Olofsson,O Orwar,SG Weber,

For similar equipment and supplies: electrodes: microelectrodes research abstracts see: equipment and supplies: electrodes: microelectrodes research

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Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Validation Studies

Journal: Analytical chemistry

VOLUME: 79

Page Numbers: 3771-8

Journal Abbreviation: Anal. Chem.

ISSN: 0003-2700

DAY: 6

MONTH: 04

YEAR: 2007

Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 370536

Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Microelectrodes

MESH TERMS: standards

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation. Information

Substance Name: Carbon

Registry Number: 7440-44-0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Experimentally determining the iR drop in solution at carbon fiber microelectrodes with current interruption and application to single-cell electroporation.

AFFILIATION: Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIGMS

GRANT: R01 GM066018

ACRONYM: GM

MEDLINETA: Anal Chem

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