Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano.

Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano. Research Abstract Details 

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Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano. Abstract Text:

Llanos,Raquel A Riquelme,Emilio A Herrera, Ebensperger,Bernardo Krause,Roberto V Reyes,Emilia M Sanhueza, Pulgar,Claus Behn,Gertrudis Cabello,Julian T Parer,Dino A Giussani,Carlos E Blanco,Mark A Hanson, Llanos,Raquel A Riquelme,Emilio A Herrera, Ebensperger,Bernardo Krause,Roberto V Reyes,Emilia M Sanhueza, Pulgar,Claus Behn,Gertrudis Cabello,Julian T Parer,Dino A Giussani,Carlos E Blanco,Mark A Hanson,

Compared with lowland species, fetal life for mammalian species whose mothers live in high altitude is demanding. For instance, fetal llamas have to cope with the low fetal arterial PO2 of all species, but also the likely superimposition of hypoxia as a result of the decreased oxygen environment in which the mother lives in the Andean altiplano. When subjected to acute hypoxia the llama fetus responds with an intense peripheral vasoconstriction mediated by alpha-adrenergic mechanisms plus high plasma concentrations of catecholamines and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Endothelial factors such as NO and endothelin-1 also play a role in the regulation of local blood flows. Unlike fetuses of lowland species such as the sheep, the llama fetus shows a profound cerebral hypometabolic response to hypoxia, decreasing cerebral oxygen consumption, Na-K-ATPase activity and temperature, and resulting in an absence of seizures and apoptosis in neural cells. These strategies may have evolved to prevent hypoxic injury to the brain or other organs in the face of the persistent hypobaric hypoxia of life in the Andean altiplano.

Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano. Publishing Authors By Initials

AJ Llanos,RA Riquelme,EA Herrera,G Ebensperger,B Krause,RV Reyes,EM Sanhueza,VM Pulgar,C Behn,G Cabello,JT Parer,DA Giussani,CE Blanco,MA Hanson,AJ Llanos,RA Riquelme,EA Herrera,G Ebensperger,B Krause,RV Reyes,EM Sanhueza,VM Pulgar,C Behn,G Cabello,JT Parer,DA Giussani,CE Blanco,MA Hanson,

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Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

VOLUME: 158

Page Numbers: 298-306

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ISSN: 1569-9048

DAY: 7

MONTH: 05

YEAR: 2007

Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 101140022

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Evolving in thin air--lessons from the llama fetus in the altiplano.

AFFILIATION: Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Desarrollo, Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. allanos@med.uchile.cl

Country: Netherlands

AGENCY: United Kingdom Wellcome T

GRANT: M/97/3824

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MEDLINETA: Respir Physiol Neurobiol

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