Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues.

Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Research Abstract Details 

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Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Abstract Text:

Anthony S Don,Carolina Martinez-Lamenca,William R Webb,Richard L Proia,Ed Roberts,Hugh Rosen,

The clinical immunosuppressant FTY720 is a sphingosine analogue that, once phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase 2 (Sphk2), is an agonist of multiple receptor subtypes for sphingosine 1-phosphate. Short exposures to FTY720 afford long term protection in lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disease models, presumably by inducing apoptosis in subsets of cells essential for pathogenesis. Sphingosine itself is pro-apoptotic, and apoptosis induced with FTY720 or sphingosine is thought to proceed independently of their phosphorylation. Following chemical mutagenesis of Jurkat cells we isolated mutants that are selectively resistant to FTY720 analogue AAL(R), as well as natural sphingolipid bases, including sphingosine. Cells lacking functional Sphk2 were resistant to apoptosis induced with AAL(R), indicating that apoptosis proceeds through AAL(R) phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of AAL(R) was also required for induction of lymphocyte apoptosis in mice, as apoptosis was not induced with the non-phosphorylatable chiral analogue, AAL(S). Apoptosis was induced in the spleen but not the thymus of mice administered 1 mg/kg AAL(R), correlating with levels of AAL(R)-phosphate (AFD(R)) in organ extracts. AFD(R) did not induce apoptosis when added to the cell culture medium, indicating that it induces apoptosis through an intracellular target. NBD-labeled AAL(R) localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, and AAL(R) treatment resulted in elevated cytosolic calcium, Bax redistribution from cytosol to mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum membranes, and caspase-independent mitochondrial permeabilization in Jurkat cells. We therefore describe an apoptotic pathway triggered by intracellular accumulation of sphingolipid base phosphates and suggest that sphingoid base substrates for Sphk2 acting intracellularly could be useful in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases.

Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Publishing Authors By Initials

AS Don,C Martinez-Lamenca,WR Webb,RL Proia,E Roberts,H Rosen,

For similar peptides: intracellular signaling peptides and proteins: apoptosis regulatory proteins: proto-oncogene proteins c-bcl-2: bcl-2-associated x protein research abstracts see: peptides: intracellular signaling peptides and proteins: apoptosis regulatory proteins: proto-oncogene proteins c-bcl-2: bcl-2-associated x protein research

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Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry

VOLUME: 282

Page Numbers: 15833-42

Journal Abbreviation: J. Biol. Chem.

ISSN: 0021-9258

DAY: 30

MONTH: 03

YEAR: 2007

Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 2985121

Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: bcl-2-Associated X Protein

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues. Information

Substance Name: Caspases

Registry Number: EC 3.4.22.-

Grant and Affiliation Information for Essential requirement for sphingosine kinase 2 in a sphingolipid apoptosis pathway activated by FTY720 analogues.

AFFILIATION: Departments of Immunology and Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States PHS

GRANT: NIMH-074404

ACRONYM: AI

MEDLINETA: J Biol Chem

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