Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane.

Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Research Abstract Details 

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Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Abstract Text:

S Kevin Li,Honggang Zhu,William I Higuchi,

PURPOSE: Transscleral iontophoresis has been recently re-examined for drug delivery to the back of the eye. In conventional iontophoresis, due to the relatively high electromobility of the endogenous competing ions (counterions) relative to that of the drug ion in the tissue barrier, the efficiency of iontophoretic drug delivery is generally low. The objective of the present study was to examine ion-exchange membrane-enhanced transscleral iontophoretic transport in which the ion-exchange membrane in series with the sclera can hinder the transport of the competing counterions and selectively allow the transport of the permeant across the sclera. METHODS: The physical properties of the Ionac ion-exchange membrane and excised rabbit sclera were determined in equilibrium uptake experiments and in passive and iontophoretic transport experiments with salicylate, tetraethylammonium, urea, and mannitol. Transscleral experiments with the ion-exchange membrane were conducted with salicylate and excised rabbit sclera in vitro. The contribution of electroosmosis to electrotransport during transscleral iontophoresis was assessed with urea and mannitol. RESULTS: The ion-exchange membrane is highly positively charged and has a small effective pore size. The sclera is relatively porous with a large effective pore size and low pore tortuosity. The sclera is also net negatively charged but this does not significantly affect the transport of small ions. A three-fold steady-state transscleral flux enhancement of salicylate was observed in ion-exchange membrane-enhanced iontophoresis over conventional transscleral iontophoresis without the membrane. Such enhancement was relatively independent of the applied electric current density and the thickness of the studied ion-exchange membrane assembly. Although the ion-exchange membrane altered transscleral electroosmosis, the contribution of electroosmosis to electrotransport was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The present study has demonstrated the potential of ion-exchange membranes for enhancing iontophoretic transport and drug delivery.

Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Publishing Authors By Initials

SK Li,H Zhu,WI Higuchi,

For similar organic chemicals: urea research abstracts see: organic chemicals: urea research

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Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, N.I.H., Extr

Journal: Pharmaceutical research

VOLUME: 23

Page Numbers: 1857-67

Journal Abbreviation: Pharm. Res.

ISSN: 0724-8741

DAY: 3

MONTH: Aug

YEAR: 2006

Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8406521

Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Urea

MESH TERMS: pharmacokinetics

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane. Information

Substance Name: Mannitol

Registry Number: 69-65-8

Grant and Affiliation Information for Enhanced transscleral lontophoretic transport with ion-exchange membrane.

AFFILIATION: Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. likv@uc.edu

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NEI

GRANT: EY015181

ACRONYM: EY

MEDLINETA: Pharm Res

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