Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Research Abstract Details 

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Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Abstract Text:

Alison Elder,Jean-Philippe Couderc,Robert Gelein,Shirley Eberly,Christopher Cox,Xiaojuang Xia,Wojciech Zareba,Philip Hopke,Winthrop Watts,David Kittelson,Mark Frampton,Mark Utell, ,

Epidemiological studies associate ambient particulate pollution with adverse health outcomes in elderly individuals with cardiopulmonary diseases. We hypothesized that freshly generated ultrafine particles (UFP) contribute to these effects, as they are present in high number concentrations on highways and vehicle passengers are exposed directly to them. Aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (9-12 mo) with implanted radiotelemetry devices were exposed to highway aerosol or filtered, gas-denuded (clean) air using an on-road exposure system to examine effects on heart rate (HR) and heart-rate variability (HRV). On the day of exposure, rats were pretreated with low-dose inhaled or injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate respiratory tract or systemic inflammation, respectively. Exposures (6 h) in compartmentalized whole-body chambers were performed in an air conditioned compartment of a mobile laboratory on I-90 between Rochester and Buffalo, NY. HRV parameters were calculated from telemetric blood pressure signals and analyzed for the baseline period and for the first 32 h postexposure. The aerosol size (count median diameter = 15-20 nm; geometric standard deviation = 1.4-4.3) and number concentration (1.95-5.62 x 105/cm3) indicated the predominance of UFP. Intraperitoneal LPS significantly affected all of the parameters in a time-dependent manner; response patterns after inhaled or injected LPS pretreatment were similar, but more prolonged and greater in LPS-injected rats. A significant effect of highway aerosol was found, irrespective of pretreatment, which resulted in decreased HR in comparison to clean air-exposed rats. This effect was more persistent ( approximately 14 h) in those rats that received ip LPS as compared to saline. The highway aerosol also significantly affected short-term alterations in autonomic control of HR, as evidenced by elevations in normalized high frequency power and decreased vagosympathetic balance. These findings show that environmental exposure concentrations of mixed traffic-related UFP/gas-phase emissions can affect the autonomic nervous system.

Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Publishing Authors By Initials

A Elder,JP Couderc,R Gelein,S Eberly,C Cox,X Xia,W Zareba,P Hopke,W Watts,D Kittelson,M Frampton,M Utell,G ,

For similar complex mixtures: vehicle emissions research abstracts see: complex mixtures: vehicle emissions research

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Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Inhalation toxicology

VOLUME: 19

Page Numbers: 1-12

Journal Abbreviation:

ISSN: 1091-7691

DAY: 3

MONTH: Jan

YEAR: 2007

Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8910739

Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Vehicle Emissions

MESH TERMS: toxicity

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Information

Substance Name: Vehicle Emissions

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Effects of on-road highway aerosol exposures on autonomic responses in aged, spontaneously hypertensive rats.

AFFILIATION: Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States PHS

GRANT: P30 ESO1247

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MEDLINETA: Inhal Toxicol

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