Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain.

Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Research Abstract Details 

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Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Abstract Text:

Vivian V Valentin,Anthony Dickinson,John P O'Doherty,

Instrumental conditioning is considered to involve at least two distinct learning systems: a goal-directed system that learns associations between responses and the incentive value of outcomes, and a habit system that learns associations between stimuli and responses without any link to the outcome that that response engendered. Lesion studies in rodents suggest that these two distinct components of instrumental conditioning may be mediated by anatomically distinct neural systems. The aim of the present study was to determine the neural substrates of the goal-directed component of instrumental learning in humans. Nineteen human subjects were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging while they learned to choose instrumental actions that were associated with the subsequent delivery of different food rewards (tomato juice, chocolate milk, and orange juice). After training, one of these foods was devalued by feeding the subject to satiety on that food. The subjects were then scanned again, while being re-exposed to the instrumental choice procedure (in extinction). We hypothesized that regions of the brain involved in goal-directed learning would show changes in their activity as a function of outcome devaluation. Our results indicate that neural activity in one brain region in particular, the orbitofrontal cortex, showed a strong modulation in its activity during selection of a devalued compared with a nondevalued action. These results suggest an important contribution of orbitofrontal cortex in guiding goal-directed instrumental choices in humans.

Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Publishing Authors By Initials

VV Valentin,A Dickinson,JP O'Doherty,

For similar psychological phenomena and processes: psychomotor performance research abstracts see: psychological phenomena and processes: psychomotor performance research

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Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal

VOLUME: 27

Page Numbers: 4019-26

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ISSN: 1529-2401

DAY: 11

MONTH: Apr

YEAR: 2007

Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8102140

Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Psychomotor Performance

MESH TERMS: physiology

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Determining the neural substrates of goal-directed learning in the human brain.

AFFILIATION: Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIMH

GRANT: R03MH075763

ACRONYM: MH

MEDLINETA: J Neurosci

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