Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Research Abstract Details 

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Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Abstract Text:

P Trillenberg,M Shelhamer,D C Roberts,D S Zee,

The three pairs of semicircular canals within the labyrinth are not perfectly aligned with the pulling directions of the six extraocular muscles. Therefore, for a given head movement, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) depends upon central neural mechanisms that couple the canals to the muscles with the appropriate functional gains in order to generate a response that rotates the eye the correct amount and around the correct axis. A consequence of these neural connections is a cross-axis adaptive capability, which can be stimulated experimentally when head rotation is around one axis and visual motion about another. From this visual-vestibular conflict the brain infers that the slow-phase eye movement is rotating around the wrong axis. We explored the capability of human cross-axis adaptation, using a short-term training paradigm, to determine if torsional eye movements could be elicited by yaw (horizontal) head rotation (where torsion is normally inappropriate). We applied yaw sinusoidal head rotation (+/-10 degrees, 0.33 Hz) and measured eye movement responses in the dark, and before and after adaptation. The adaptation paradigm lasted 45-60 min, and consisted of the identical head motion, coupled with a moving visual scene that required one of several types of eye movements: (1) torsion alone (-Roll); (2) horizontal/torsional, head right/CW torsion (Yaw-Roll); (3) horizontal/torsional, head right/CCW torsion (Yaw+Roll); (4) horizontal, vertical, torsional combined (Yaw+Pitch-Roll); and (5) horizontal and vertical together (Yaw+Pitch). The largest and most significant changes in torsional amplitude occurred in the Yaw-Roll and Yaw+Roll conditions. We conclude that short-term, cross-axis adaptation of torsion is possible but constrained by the complexity of the adaptation task: smaller torsional components are produced if more than one cross-coupling component is required. In contrast, vertical cross-axis components can be easily trained to occur with yaw head movements.

Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Publishing Authors By Initials

P Trillenberg,M Shelhamer,DC Roberts,DS Zee,

For similar pathological conditions, signs and symptoms: pathological conditions, anatomical: torsion abnormality research abstracts see: pathological conditions, signs and symptoms: pathological conditions, anatomical: torsion abnormality research

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Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnfo

VOLUME: 148

Page Numbers: 158-65

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ISSN: 0014-4819

DAY: 5

MONTH: 11

YEAR: 2002

Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 43312

Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Torsion Abnormality

MESH TERMS: physiology

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Cross-axis adaptation of torsional components in the yaw-axis vestibulo-ocular reflex.

AFFILIATION: Johns Hopkins U Sch Med, Baltimore, MD

Country: Germany

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MEDLINETA: Exp Brain Res

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