Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs.

Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Research Abstract Details 

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Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Abstract Text:

Vulnerability to substance abuse is an important social and scientific issue. A critical aspect of this phenomenon is the degree to which individuals who abuse one substance are likely to abuse other substances. The extent to which several pharmacologically distinct drugs will come to serve as positive reinforcers within genetically defined subjects defines their community with respect to abuse liability. Questions in this area are directed at determining whether reinforcement from and abuse of alcohol and other drugs define variations within a single behavioral phenomenon, or whether reinforcement and abuse must be individually defined for each substance involved. Previous studies have shown that ethanol can be readily established as a positive reinforcer in LEWIS rats and C57BL/6J mice. In low ethanol preferring F344 rats, ethanol maintains significant but low levels of responding. Ethanol does not maintain behavior in BALB/cJ or DBA/2J mice. These genotypic patterns of reinforcement from ethanol appear to correlate highly with patterns of reinforcement from cocaine and opiates. Other studies suggest that some aspects of drug self-administration may be mediated in part by common dopaminergic and serotonergic mechanisms, and animals which differ in ethanol drinking behavior show substantial differences in parameters of serotonergic function. Thus, there may exist important genetic determinants of drug reinforced behavior.

Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Publishing Authors By Initials

For similar disorders of environmental origin: substance-related disorders research abstracts see: disorders of environmental origin: substance-related disorders research

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MEDLINE DATE:

Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Review

Journal: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supp

VOLUME: 1

Page Numbers: 427-31

Journal Abbreviation:

ISSN: 1358-6173

DAY: 26

MONTH: 02

YEAR: 1991

Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Information

Number of References: 35

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8804836

Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Substance-Related Disorders

MESH TERMS: psychology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs. Information

Substance Name: Serotonin

Registry Number: 50-67-9

Grant and Affiliation Information for Common mechanisms of reinforcement from alcohol and other drugs.

AFFILIATION: Preclinical Pharmacology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.

Country: ENGLAND

AGENCY: United States NIAAA

GRANT: NIAAA AA-07754

ACRONYM: AA

MEDLINETA: Alcohol Alcohol Suppl

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