Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees.

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Research Abstract Details 

Research Abstract Table of Contents

Jump to the:

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Abstract Text:

Richard W Wrangham,Michael L Wilson,

Patterns of collective violence found among humans include similarities to those seen among chimpanzees. These include participation predominantly by males, an intense personal and group concern with status, variable subgroup composition, defense of group integrity, inter-group fights that include surprise attacks, and a tendency to avoid mass confrontation. Compared to chimpanzee communities, youth gangs tend to be larger, composed of younger individuals, occupying smaller territories and having a more complex organization. Youth gangs also differ from chimpanzee communities as a result of numerous cultural and environmental influences including complex relations with non-gang society. These relations are governed in important ways by such factors as perceived economic and personal constraints, policing, family structure, and levels of poverty, crime, and racism. Nevertheless, the concepts that sociologists use to account for collective violence in youth gangs are somewhat similar to those applied by anthropologists and biologists to chimpanzees. Thus in both cases collective violence is considered to emerge partly because males are highly motivated to gain personal status, which they do by physical violence. In the case of youth gangs, the reasons for the prevalence of physical violence in status competition compared to non-gang society are clearly context-specific, both culturally and historically. By contrast, among chimpanzees the use of physical violence to settle status competition is universal (in the wild and captivity). The use of physical violence in individual status competition therefore has different sources in youth gangs and chimpanzees. Regardless of its origin, however, its combination with an intense concern for status can explain: (1) why individual males form alliances among each other; and hence (2) how such alliances generate social power, closed groups, and a capacity for defense of territory or pre-emptive attacks on rivals. This comparison suggests that the use of physical violence to resolve individual status competition is an important predictor of collective violence at the gang level. We therefore view the similarities in aggression between humans and chimpanzees that we review here as being adaptive responses to local conditions, predicated on an inherent male concern for social status.

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Publishing Authors By Initials

RW Wrangham,ML Wilson,

For similar abstracts research abstracts see: abstracts research

PUBMED ID PMID:

MEDLINE DATE:

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

VOLUME: 1036

Page Numbers: 233-56

Journal Abbreviation: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.

ISSN: 0077-8923

DAY: 8

MONTH: Dec

YEAR: 2004

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 7506858

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS:

MESH TERMS:

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees. Information

Substance Name:

Registry Number:

Grant and Affiliation Information for Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees.

AFFILIATION: Department of Anthropology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. wrangham@fas.harvard.edu.

Country: United States

AGENCY:

GRANT:

ACRONYM:

MEDLINETA: Ann N Y Acad Sci

REFSOURCE:

DATABASENAME:

ACCESSION NUMBER:

Number Hits: 0

Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees Related Publications

• A comparison between plasma oestrone sulphate concentration and doppler ultrasound as methods for pregnancy diagnosis in sows.
• A comparison of spirometry in general practice and a pulmonary function laboratory.
• AN EVALUATION OF YUNKER'S TECHNIQUE FOR THE RECOVERY OF NASAL MITES FROM BIRDS.
• Altered MUC1 and MUC2 glycoprotein expression in laryngeal cancer.
• Bone morphogenic proteins 2 and 4 and their receptors in the adult human cornea.
• Collective Violence: Comparisons between Youths and Chimpanzees.
• Culture, black men, and prostate cancer: what is reality?
• DNA aptamer-based bioanalysis of IgE by fluorescence anisotropy.
• Downsizing and prostate cancer.
• Effect of PDGF, IL-1alpha, and BMP2/4 on corneal fibroblast chemotaxis: expression of the platelet-derived growth factor system in the cornea.
• Electrochemical immunosensors for the simultaneous detection of two tumor markers.
• Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 glycoproteins in laryngeal cancer.
• Heightened subjective experience of depression in borderline personality disorder.
• Human dendritic cell interactions with whole recombinant yeast: implications for HIV-1 vaccine development.
• Hydrogen-Atom Ordering in Lead Hydrogen Arsenate Monitored by Neutron Time-of-Flight Laue Diffraction using Single-Frame Methods.
• Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension in infants and children.
• Is there an age-related positivity effect in visual attention? A comparison of two methodologies.
• Monosomy and trisomy in bovine embryos sired by bulls heterozygous for the 1 29 Robertsonian translocation chromosome.
• Odor Perception is Dynamic: Consequences for Interpretation of Odor Maps.
• Partners of problem drinkers: moving into the 1990s.
• Photodynamic therapy of brain tumors--a work in progress.
• Potential bias in study on career choice?
• Proinflammatory chemokine induction in keratocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration into the cornea.
• Proximal prostatic stem cells are programmed to regenerate a proximal-distal ductal axis.
• Reversed-phase TLC on a bonded silica: An alternative to normal phase TLC for stability testing of drugs.
• Synchronization of estrus in beef cows and heifers with prostaglandin F(2alpha) and estradiol benzoate.
• The role of antihistamines in asthma management.
• The use of C18 bonded silica in the solid phase extraction of basic drugs - possible role for ionic interactions with residual silanols.
• Water quality of the Madang Lagoon, Papua New Guinea: a status report.
• What's wrong with our hospitals?