Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets.

Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Research Abstract Details 

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Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Abstract Text:

The pleiotropic actions of insulin are mediated by a single receptor tyrosine kinase. Structure/function relationships of the insulin receptor have been conclusively established, and the early steps of insulin signaling are known in some detail. A generally accepted paradigm is that insulin receptors, acting through insulin receptor substrates, stimulate the lipid kinase activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The rapid rise in Tris-phosphorylated inositol (PIP(3)) that ensues triggers a cascade of PIP(3)-dependent serine/threonine kinases. Among the latter, Akt (a product of the akt protooncogene) and atypical protein kinase C isoforms are thought to be involved in insulin regulation of glucose transport and oxidation; glycogen, lipid, and protein synthesis; and modulation of gene expression. The presence of multiple insulin-regulated, PIP(3)-dependent kinases is consistent with the possibility that different pathways are required to regulate different biological actions of insulin. Additional work remains to be performed to understand the distal components of insulin signaling. Moreover, there exists substantial evidence for insulin receptor substrate- and/or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-independent pathways of insulin action. The ultimate goal of these investigations is to provide clues to the pathogenesis and treatment of the insulin resistant state that is characteristic of type 2 diabetes.

Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Publishing Authors By Initials

For similar proteins: transcription factors research abstracts see: proteins: transcription factors research

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MEDLINE DATE:

Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Review

Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metaboli

VOLUME: 86

Page Numbers: 972-9

Journal Abbreviation: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.

ISSN: 0021-972X

DAY: 6

MONTH: Mar

YEAR: 2001

Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Information

Number of References: 113

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 375362

Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Transcription Factors

MESH TERMS: physiology

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets. Information

Substance Name: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase

Registry Number: EC 2.7.1.137

Grant and Affiliation Information for Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets.

AFFILIATION: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIDDK

GRANT: DK-58282

ACRONYM: DK

MEDLINETA: J Clin Endocrinol Metab

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