Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens.

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Research Abstract Details 

Research Abstract Table of Contents

Jump to the:

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Abstract Text:

David Hammond,Geoffrey T Fong,K Michael Cummings,Richard J O'Connor,Gary A Giovino,Ann McNeill,

OBJECTIVE: There is general agreement that the testing protocol for measuring cigarette smoke constituents-the International Organization for Standardization regimen-is an inappropriate mechanism for evaluating human exposure. Alternative smoking regimens have been introduced in Canada and Massachusetts; however, these regimens have not been evaluated against human smoking behavior and biomeasures of exposure. The objective of this study was to compare measures of smoke volume and nicotine uptake among human smokers against the puffing variables and nicotine yields generated by five different machine smoking regimens: (a) International Organization for Standardization, (b) Massachusetts, (c) Canadian, (d) a Compensatory regimen, and (e) a Human Mimic regimen. METHODS: Measures of smoke volume and puffing behavior were recorded for 51 smokers who used a portable smoking topography device for three 1-week trials. Measures of salivary cotinine were taken at the completion of each week. The cigarette brands smoked by participants were then machine-smoked under five testing regimens, including a human mimic condition where brands were machine smoked using the puffing behavior recorded from human smokers. The total volume of smoke collected from each cigarette and the nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide yields were recorded. RESULTS: None of the four machine smoking regimens adequately reflected Human Mimic Yields of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide. In addition, none of the four smoking regimens generated nicotine yields that were associated with actual nicotine uptake in humans. CONCLUSIONS: None of the existing smoking regimens adequately represents human smoking behavior nor do they generate yields associated with human measures of nicotine uptake.

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Publishing Authors By Initials

D Hammond,GT Fong,KM Cummings,RJ O'Connor,GA Giovino,A McNeill,

For similar abstracts research abstracts see: abstracts research

PUBMED ID PMID:

MEDLINE DATE:

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a p

VOLUME: 15

Page Numbers: 1495-501

Journal Abbreviation:

ISSN: 1055-9965

DAY: 3

MONTH: Aug

YEAR: 2006

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 9200608

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS:

MESH TERMS:

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens. Information

Substance Name:

Registry Number:

Grant and Affiliation Information for Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens.

AFFILIATION: Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1. dhammond@uwaterloo.ca

Country: United States

AGENCY:

GRANT:

ACRONYM:

MEDLINETA: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Pr

REFSOURCE:

DATABASENAME:

ACCESSION NUMBER:

Number Hits: 0

Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens Related Publications

• 2007 National Registry of Radiation Protection Technologists Arthur F. Humm, Jr., Award: presented to Dave Biela at the 52nd annual meeting of the Health Physics Society, Portland, Oregon 8-12 July 2007.
• A TRIAL OF PHENYL-LYSINE-VASOPRESSIN (OCTAPRESSIN) AS A HAEMOSTATIC AGENT.
• A model of nursing as a complex adaptive system.
• Adriamycin cardiomyopathy: pathological and membrane functional changes in a canine model with mild impairment of left ventricular function.
• Boutonniére deformity.
• Cardiac ultrastructural changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: effects of insulin treatment.
• Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of alternative testing regimens.
• Conjugated polymer dots for multiphoton fluorescence imaging.
• Efficacy of digital radiography for the detection of pneumothorax: comparison with conventional chest radiography.
• Environmental photochemistry of tylosin: efficient, reversible photoisomerization to a less-active isomer, followed by photolysis.
• Evaluation of cerebral hemispheric contrast transit with intravenous digital subtraction angiography.
• Gaussian activation functions using Markov chains.
• Hydrocortisone by inhalation. Effects on lung function in bronchial asthma.
• Intrastriatal dopamine D1 antagonism dampens neural plasticity in response to motor cortex lesion.
• Isoproterenol-induced myocardial alterations in alloxan-diabetic rabbits.
• Metoprolol improves cardiac function and modulates cardiac metabolism in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat.
• Myocardial and metabolic abnormalities in streptozotocin-diabetic Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto rats.
• Myocardial ischemic injury induced by isoproterenol in the rabbit: biochemical and chemical alterations.
• Objectives and content of postgraduate training in the United States of America.
• Proceedings: Partial body calcium measurements by in vivo neutron activation analysis.
• Quantification of singlet oxygen production in the reaction of superoxide with hydrogen peroxide using a selective chemiluminescent probe.
• Reduction of trichloroethylene by outer-sphere electron-transfer agents.
• Relationship between constituent labelling and reporting of tar yields among smokers in four countries.
• Skeletal relapse following intermaxillary fixation surgical mandibular advancement.
• Smoke-free hospitals - the English experience: results from a survey, interviews, and site visits.
• Subcellular myocardial abnormalities in experimental diabetes: role of long-chain acylcarnitines.
• The Anthropocene: are humans now overwhelming the great forces of Nature?
• The capacity of tannins from accessions of mulga (Acacia aneura) to precipitate protein.
• Unexpected products and reaction mechanisms of the aqueous chlorination of cimetidine.
• When a pregnancy seems like an ectopic ... but isn't.