Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels.

Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels. Research Abstract Details 

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Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels. Abstract Text:

Ryan P Ferrer,Richard K Zimmer,Ryan P Ferrer,Richard K Zimmer,

Chemoreception may function throughout an entire animal lifetime, with independent, stage-specific selection pressures leading to changes in physiological properties, behavioral expression, and hence, trophic interactions. When the California newt (Taricha torosa) metamorphoses from an entirely aquatic larva to a semi-terrestrial juvenile/adult form, its chemosensory organs undergo dramatic reorganization. The relationship between newt life-history stage and chemosensory-mediated behavior was established by comparing responses of adults (as determined here) to those of conspecific larvae (as studied previously). Bioassays were performed in mountain streams, testing responses of free-ranging adults to 13 individual l-amino acids. Relative to stream water (controls), adults turned immediately upcurrent and moved to the source of arginine, glycine or alanine release. These responses were indicative of predatory search. Arginine was the strongest attractant tested, with a response threshold (median effective dose) of 8.3x10(-7) mol l(-1) (uncorrected for dilution associated with chemical release and delivery). In contrast to adult behavior, arginine suppressed cannibal-avoidance and failed to evoke search reactions in larvae. For a common set of arginine analogs, the magnitudes of adult attraction and larval suppression were not positively correlated. Suppression of cannibal-avoidance behavior in larvae was unaffected by most structural modifications of the arginine molecule. Adult behavior, on the other hand, was strongly influenced by even subtle alterations in the parent compound. Reactions to arginine in both adults and larvae were eliminated by blocking the external openings of the nasal cavity. Stimulating adult predatory search in one case and inhibiting larval cannibal avoidance in the other, arginine is a chemical signal with opposing behavioral effects and varying ecological consequences. Significant differences between responses of adults and larvae to changes in arginine structure suggest alternative, chemosensory receptor targets. Although arginine reception functions throughout an entire newt lifetime, an ontogenetic shift in larval and adult chemoreceptive ability changes behavioral expression, and thus, reflects the unique selection pressures that act at each life-history stage.

Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels. Publishing Authors By Initials

RP Ferrer,RK Zimmer,RP Ferrer,RK Zimmer,

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Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, U.S. Gov't,

Journal: The Journal of experimental biology

VOLUME: 210

Page Numbers: 1776-85

Journal Abbreviation: J. Exp. Biol.

ISSN: 0022-0949

DAY: 9

MONTH: May

YEAR: 2007

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 243705

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Chemosensory reception, behavioral expression, and ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels.

AFFILIATION: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1606, USA.

Country: England

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MEDLINETA: J Exp Biol

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