CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors.

CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Research Abstract Details 

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CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Abstract Text:

Yoav E Timsit,Masahiko Negishi,

The xenobiotic receptors CAR and PXR constitute two important members of the NR1I nuclear receptor family. They function as sensors of toxic byproducts derived from endogenous metabolism and of exogenous chemicals, in order to enhance their elimination. This unique function of CAR and PXR sets them apart from the steroid hormone receptors. In contrast, the steroid receptors, exemplified by the estrogen receptor (ER) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), are the sensors that tightly monitor and respond to changes in circulating steroid hormone levels to maintain body homeostasis. This divergence of the chemical- and steroid-sensing functions has evolved to ensure the fidelity of the steroid hormone endocrine regulation while allowing development of metabolic elimination pathways for xenobiotics. The development of the xenobiotic receptors CAR and PXR also reflect the increasing complexity of metabolism in higher organisms, which necessitate novel mechanisms for handling and eliminating metabolic by-products and foreign compounds from the body. The purpose of this review is to discuss similarities and differences between the xenobiotic receptors CAR and PXR with the prototypical steroid hormone receptors ER and GR. Interesting differences in structure explain in part the divergence in function and activation mechanisms of CAR/PXR from ER/GR. In addition, the physiological roles of CAR and PXR will be reviewed, with discussion of interactions of CAR and PXR with endocrine signaling pathways.

CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Publishing Authors By Initials

YE Timsit,M Negishi,

For similar pharmaceutical preparations: xenobiotics research abstracts see: pharmaceutical preparations: xenobiotics research

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MEDLINE DATE:

CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Review

Journal: Steroids

VOLUME: 72

Page Numbers: 231-46

Journal Abbreviation: Steroids

ISSN: 0039-128X

DAY: 20

MONTH: 12

YEAR: 2006

CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Information

Number of References: 121

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 404536

CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Xenobiotics

MESH TERMS: metabolism

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors. Information

Substance Name: Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A

Registry Number: EC 1.14.14.1

Grant and Affiliation Information for CAR and PXR: the xenobiotic-sensing receptors.

AFFILIATION: Pharmacogenetics Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIEHS

GRANT: Z01 ES080040-20

ACRONYM: ES

MEDLINETA: Steroids

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