Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust.

Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Research Abstract Details 

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Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Abstract Text:

W G Ernst,S Maruyama,S Wallis,

Preservation of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) minerals formed at depths of 90-125 km require unusual conditions. Our subduction model involves underflow of a salient (250 +/- 150 km wide, 90-125 km long) of continental crust embedded in cold, largely oceanic crust-capped lithosphere; loss of leading portions of the high-density oceanic lithosphere by slab break-off, as increasing volumes of microcontinental material enter the subduction zone; buoyancy-driven return toward midcrustal levels of a thin (2-15 km thick), low-density slice; finally, uplift, backfolding, normal faulting, and exposure of the UHP terrane. Sustained over approximately 20 million years, rapid ( approximately 5 mm/year) exhumation of the thin-aspect ratio UHP sialic sheet caught between cooler hanging-wall plate and refrigerating, downgoing lithosphere allows withdrawal of heat along both its upper and lower surfaces. The intracratonal position of most UHP complexes reflects consumption of an intervening ocean basin and introduction of a sialic promontory into the subduction zone. UHP metamorphic terranes consist chiefly of transformed, yet relatively low-density continental crust compared with displaced mantle material-otherwise such complexes could not return to shallow depths. Relatively rare metabasaltic, metagabbroic, and metacherty lithologies retain traces of phases characteristic of UHP conditions because they are massive, virtually impervious to fluids, and nearly anhydrous. In contrast, H(2)O-rich quartzofeldspathic, gneissose/schistose, more permeable metasedimentary and metagranitic units have backreacted thoroughly, so coesite and other UHP silicates are exceedingly rare. Because of the initial presence of biogenic carbon, and its especially sluggish transformation rate, UHP paragneisses contain the most abundantly preserved crustal diamonds.

Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Publishing Authors By Initials

WG Ernst,S Maruyama,S Wallis,

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Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of

VOLUME: 94

Page Numbers: 9532-7

Journal Abbreviation: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

ISSN: 0027-8424

DAY: 2

MONTH: Sep

YEAR: 1997

Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 7505876

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust.

AFFILIATION: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

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