Of possible tumours of the urogenital tract the carcinoma of the urinary bladder, which is to be seen above all in the elderly, comes as to its incidence after the carcinoma of the prostate. According to postulated theory of carcinogenesis tumours appear very often multifocally with a high relapse tendency in spite of resection. Early diagnosis at primary noninvasive stage is recommended there being a good chance of recovery by adequate means of therapy. The painless haematuria as cardinal symptom of c. bladder tumour remains tumour indicative until the contrary is being proved. To make the diagnosis we dispose of a cystoscopy and the intravenous urogram as part of the basic examination. The treatment of choice in case of a superficial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is the radical transurethral resection. In high-risk patients we initiate an adjuvant local immuno- or chemotherapy to prevent recurrence. In those with muscle invasive carcinoma of the urinary bladder the radical cystectomy together with simultaneous removal of the adnexa is indicated.
