Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis.

Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Research Abstract Details 

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Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Abstract Text:

Melanie A Samuel,Hong Wang,Venkatraman Siddharthan,John D Morrey,Michael S Diamond,

West Nile virus (WNV) has emerged as a significant cause of epidemic viral encephalitis and flaccid limb paralysis, yet the mechanism by which it enters the CNS remains uncertain. We used compartmentalized neuron cultures to demonstrate that WNV spreads in both retrograde and anterograde directions via axonal transport. Transneuronal spread of WNV required axonal release of viral particles and was blocked by addition of a therapeutic neutralizing antibody. To test the physiologic significance of axonal transport in vivo, we directly inoculated the sciatic nerve of hamsters with WNV. Intrasciatic infection resulted in paralysis of the hind limb ipsilateral but not contralateral to the injection site. Limb paralysis was blocked either by surgical transection of the sciatic nerve or treatment with the therapeutic neutralizing antibody. Collectively, these studies establish that WNV undergoes bidirectional spread in neurons and that axonal transport promotes viral entry into the CNS and acute limb paralysis. Moreover, antibody therapeutics directly inhibit transneuronal spread of WNV infection and prevent the development of paralysis in vivo.

Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Publishing Authors By Initials

MA Samuel,H Wang,V Siddharthan,JD Morrey,MS Diamond,

For similar viruses: rna viruses: flaviviridae: flavivirus: encephalitis viruses, japanese: west nile virus research abstracts see: viruses: rna viruses: flaviviridae: flavivirus: encephalitis viruses, japanese: west nile virus research

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Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of

VOLUME: 104

Page Numbers: 17140-5

Journal Abbreviation: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

ISSN: 0027-8424

DAY: 15

MONTH: 10

YEAR: 2007

Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Information

Number of References:

LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 7505876

Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: West Nile virus

MESH TERMS: ultrastructure

Chemical & Substance for Abstract: Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis. Information

Substance Name: Antigens, Viral

Registry Number: 0

Grant and Affiliation Information for Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis.

AFFILIATION: Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIAID

GRANT: N01 AI 15435

ACRONYM: AI

MEDLINETA: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

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