Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro.

Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro. Research Abstract Details 

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Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro. Abstract Text:

Bisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment of bone diseases associated with increased osteoclastic bone resorption. Bisphosphonates are known to inhibit biochemical markers of bone formation in vivo, but it is unclear to what extent this is a consequence of osteoclast inhibition or a direct inhibitory effect on cells of the osteoblast lineage. In order to investigate this issue, we studied the effects of various bisphosphonates on osteoblast growth and differentiation in vitro. The aminobisphosphonates pamidronate and alendronate inhibited osteoblast growth, caused osteoblast apoptosis, and inhibited protein prenylation in osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner over the concentration range 20-100 muM. Further studies showed that alendronate in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg inhibited protein prenylation in calvarial osteoblasts in vivo, indicating that alendronate can be taken up by osteoblasts in sufficient amounts to inhibit protein prenylation at clinically relevant doses. Pamidronate and alendronate inhibited bone nodule formation at concentrations 10-fold lower than those required to inhibit osteoblast growth. These effects were not observed with non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates or with other inhibitors of protein prenylation and were only partially reversed by cotreatment with a fourfold molar excess of ss-glycerol phosphate. We conclude that aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis in vitro at micromolar concentrations and inhibit osteoblast differentiation at nanomolar concentrations by mechanisms that are independent of effects on protein prenylation and may be due in part to inhibition of mineralization. While these results need to be interpreted with caution because of uncertainty about the concentrations of bisphosphonates that osteoblasts are exposed to in vivo, our studies clearly demonstrate that bisphosphonates exert strong inhibitory effects on cells of the osteoblast lineage at similar concentrations to those that cause osteoclast inhibition. This raises the possibility that inhibition of bone formation by bisphosphonates may be due in part to a direct inhibitory effect on cells of the osteoblast lineage.

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Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Calcified tissue international

VOLUME: 82

Page Numbers: 191-201

Journal Abbreviation: Calcif. Tissue Int.

ISSN: 0171-967X

DAY: 8

MONTH: 02

YEAR: 2008

Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro. Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Aminobisphosphonates cause osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit bone nodule formation in vitro.

AFFILIATION: Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, General Western Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK, aymen.idris@ed.ac.uk.

Country: United States

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MEDLINETA: Calcif Tissue Int

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