Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason?

Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Research Abstract Details 

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Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Abstract Text:

Madavi N Oliver,Ben Fabry,Aleksandar Marinkovic,Srboljub M Mijailovich,James P Butler,Jeffrey J Fredberg,

We quantified the effects of airway wall remodeling upon airway smooth muscle (ASM) shortening. Isolated ASM from sheep was attached to a servo-controller that applied a physiologic load. This load could be altered to reflect specified changes of airway wall geometry, elasticity, parenchymal tethering, transpulmonary pressure (P(L)), and fluctuations in P(L) associated with breathing. Starting at a reference length (L(ref)), ASM was stimulated with acetlycholine and held at constant P(L) of 4 cm H(2)O for 2 h. When all compartments were thickened to simulate the asthmatic airway but P(L) was held fixed, ASM shortened much more than that in the normal airway (to 0.52 L(ref) versus 0.66 L(ref)). When breathing with deep inspirations (DIs) was initiated, within the first three DIs the ASM in the normal airway lengthened to 0.84 L(ref), whereas that in the asthmatic airway remained stuck at 0.53 L(ref). Thickening of the smooth muscle layer alone produced the greatest muscle shortening (to 0.47 L(ref)) when compared with thickening of only submucosal (to 0.67 L(ref)) or only adventitial (to 0.62 L(ref)) compartments. With increased ASM mass, the ASM failed to lengthen in response to DIs, whereas in the airway with thickened submucosal and adventitial layers ASM lengthened dramatically (to 0.83 L(ref)). These findings confirm the long-held conclusion that increased muscle mass is the functionally dominant derangement, but mechanisms accounting for this conclusion differ dramatically from those previously presumed. Furthermore, increased ASM mass explained both hyperresponsiveness and the failure of a DI to relax the asthmatic airway.

Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Publishing Authors By Initials

MN Oliver,B Fabry,A Marinkovic,SM Mijailovich,JP Butler,JJ Fredberg,

For similar respiratory system: trachea research abstracts see: respiratory system: trachea research

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Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, N.I.H., Extr

Journal: American journal of respiratory cell and molecular

VOLUME: 37

Page Numbers: 264-72

Journal Abbreviation: Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.

ISSN: 1044-1549

DAY: 26

MONTH: 04

YEAR: 2007

Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Information

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8917225

Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason? Keywords Mesh Terms:

KEYWORDS: Trachea

MESH TERMS: physiopathology

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Airway hyperresponsiveness, remodeling, and smooth muscle mass: right answer, wrong reason?

AFFILIATION: Physiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NHLBI

GRANT: HL-59682

ACRONYM: HL

MEDLINETA: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

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