Affective learning enhances visual detection and responses in primary visual cortex.

Affective learning enhances visual detection and responses in primary visual cortex. Research Abstract Details 

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Affective learning enhances visual detection and responses in primary visual cortex. Abstract Text:

The affective significance of a visual item is thought to lead to enhanced visual processing. However, the precise link between enhanced visual perception of emotion-laden items and increased visual responses remains poorly understood. To investigate this link, we acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while participants performed a challenging visual detection task. Grating stimuli were physically identical and differed only as a function of their previous exposure history; CS+ stimuli were initially paired with shock, whereas CS- stimuli were not. Behaviorally, subjects were both faster and more accurate during CS+ relative to CS- target detection. These behavioral results were paralleled by increases in fMRI responses across early, retinotopically organized visual cortex, which was mapped in a separate fMRI session. Logistic regression analyses revealed that trial-by-trial fluctuations in fMRI responses were closely linked to trial type, such that fMRI signal strength reliably predicted the probability of a hit trial across retinotopically organized visual cortex, including area V1. For instance, during the CS+ condition, a 0.5% signal change increased the probability of a hit from chance to 67.3-73.5% in V1-V4 (the highest increase was observed in area V1). Furthermore, across participants, differential fMRI responses to hits versus correct rejects were correlated with behavioral performance. Our findings provide a close link between increased activation in early visual cortex and improved behavioral performance as a function of the affective significance of an item.

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Affective learning enhances visual detection and responses in primary visual cortex. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal

VOLUME: 28

Page Numbers: 6202-10

Journal Abbreviation: J. Neurosci.

ISSN: 1529-2401

DAY: 11

MONTH: Jun

YEAR: 2008

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LANGUAGE: eng

NlmUniqueID: 8102140

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Grant and Affiliation Information for Affective learning enhances visual detection and responses in primary visual cortex.

AFFILIATION: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.

Country: United States

AGENCY: United States NIMH

GRANT: 1R01 MH071589

ACRONYM: MH

MEDLINETA: J Neurosci

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