A computational neuroanatomy for motor control.

A computational neuroanatomy for motor control. Research Abstract Details 

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A computational neuroanatomy for motor control. Abstract Text:

Reza Shadmehr,John W Krakauer,Reza Shadmehr,John W Krakauer,

The study of patients to infer normal brain function has a long tradition in neurology and psychology. More recently, the motor system has been subject to quantitative and computational characterization. The purpose of this review is to argue that the lesion approach and theoretical motor control can mutually inform each other. Specifically, one may identify distinct motor control processes from computational models and map them onto specific deficits in patients. Here we review some of the impairments in motor control, motor learning and higher-order motor control in patients with lesions of the corticospinal tract, the cerebellum, parietal cortex, the basal ganglia, and the medial temporal lobe. We attempt to explain some of these impairments in terms of computational ideas such as state estimation, optimization, prediction, cost, and reward. We suggest that a function of the cerebellum is system identification: to build internal models that predict sensory outcome of motor commands and correct motor commands through internal feedback. A function of the parietal cortex is state estimation: to integrate the predicted proprioceptive and visual outcomes with sensory feedback to form a belief about how the commands affected the states of the body and the environment. A function of basal ganglia is related to optimal control: learning costs and rewards associated with sensory states and estimating the "cost-to-go" during execution of a motor task. Finally, functions of the primary and the premotor cortices are related to implementing the optimal control policy by transforming beliefs about proprioceptive and visual states, respectively, into motor commands.

A computational neuroanatomy for motor control. Publishing Authors By Initials

R Shadmehr,JW Krakauer,R Shadmehr,JW Krakauer,

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A computational neuroanatomy for motor control. Journal Published:

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

Journal: Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnf

VOLUME: 185

Page Numbers: 359-81

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ISSN: 0014-4819

DAY: 5

MONTH: 02

YEAR: 2008

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LANGUAGE: eng

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Grant and Affiliation Information for A computational neuroanatomy for motor control.

AFFILIATION: Laboratory for Computational Motor Control, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 410 Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA, shadmehr@jhu.edu.

Country: Germany

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MEDLINETA: Exp Brain Res

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