Protocol used to for immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections. Based on use of microwave energy to effect antigen retrieval. The immunohistochemistry procedure, is for use of Biomeda's HistoScan kit based on a streptavidin-peroxidase/biotinylated second antibody detection system with 3-amino, 9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) as chromogen. Undoubtedly, other kits or home-made reagents will also work . - [Read Antigen Retrieval for Immunohistochemistry with Paraffin-Embedded Tissues Protocol]
This assay is used when working with phage vectors carrying the beta-gal gene. If the cloning event disrupts a normally functional copy of the gene in the vector the resulting plaques would appear clear in the assay. If the phages contain a functional beta-gal gene they will form blue rings around their plaques. Any strain which is not an overproducer of beta-gal will work as indicator host bacteria; a single chromosomal copy of the gene is not a problem. - [Read Assay for Phage Containing the Beta-galactosidase Gene]
This assay is used when working with phage vectors carrying the beta-galactosidase gene (often used for immunological screening). If the cloning event disrupts a normally functional copy of the gene in the vector the resulting plaques would appear clear in the assay. If the phages contain a functional beta-galactosidase gene they will form blue rings around their plaques. Any strain which is not an overproducer of beta- galactosidase will work as indicator host bacteria. - [Read Assay for Phage Containing the Beta-galactosidase Gene Protocol]
Protocol uses the BIOPRIME reaction kit from GibcoBRL to prepare biotin-labelled BAC DNA which is detected using FITC-Avidin (Vector Labs, DCS grade). Reagents from other manufacturers may work equally well but have not been tested. Includes: Labeling of BAC clones; Ethanol precipitation; Hybridization; Post-hybridisation treatment / detection. - [Read BAC-FISH Protocol]
Protocol for dealing with carryover contamination in PCR- enzymatic strategy. Repeated use of PCR and manipulation of its products cause aerosols that can contaminate neighboring samples and work areas. Such "carryover contamination" can be prevented by including dUTP in place of dTTP for all amplification reactions. - [Read Dealing with Carryover Contamination in PCR: An Enzymatic Strategy Protocol]
This cDNA synthesis system simplifies your work dramatically. All reaction components are premixed and lyophylised. You have to add your RNA and (for Your-Prime beads) the primer. Another advantage of the system is a little number of pipetting steps required, and therefore reduced risk of Rnase contamination and RNA degradation. - [Read First strand cDNA synthesis with Ready-To-Go Beads Protocol]
General Cell Culture- http://research.cm.utexas.edu/bkitto/Kittolabpage/Protocols/Immunology/GeneralCulture.html
Covers general things you need to know to get started in cell culture work. Includes: Sterile Technique; Growth of Your Cell Culture; - [Read General Cell Culture]
For low-resolution work, cells to be used for staining can be grown directly on regular tissue-culture dishes. It is a convenient method that does not require much preparatory work. - [Read Growing Adherent Cells Directly on Tissue Dishes Protocol]
PCR polymerase costs can be high. If you are willing to work, you can produce bacteria containing the clone. It appears to produce lots of Taq and is quite stable. The proceedure takes 4 days start to (15 000 units of Taq) finish. The Taq also appears ver - [Read Home-made Taq Polymerase Purification]
Protocol for PCR genotyping from tail DNA. This protocol works well for a variety of genes and primer pairs including Tg and KO alleles. Oligonucleotide melting temperatures between 60° and 65° seem to work well. - [Read PCR Genotyping from Tail DNA Protocol]
Protocol was designed to rapidly generate small scale cytosolic extracts of C. elegans for Western or IP (has not been tested for RNA work). The protocol works well for between 50 to 5000 worms and has not been extensively tested on larger a scale, though it should work. Includes: Collection; Sonication; Clearing lysate; Immunoprecipitation. - [Read Preparation of Worm Extracts by Sonication Protocol]
The study of transient gene expression provides a useful complement to the study of stably transformed plants. Transient assays offer a quick method of testing the effects of genes, using either phenotypic, molecular, or biochemical readouts. Transient assays based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf explants have been described for other plant species, but it is not known how well these assays work in Arabidopsis. - [Read Transient Expression in Protoplasts]
Protocol describes a procedure for uterine transfer, which is used for chimera production. The method is based on extensive work which resulted in the first successful development and birth of in-vitro-cultured mouse embryos. It is best to practice this procedure first on a cadaver and then on an anesthetized 2.5-days post coitum (dpc) pseudopregnant mouse using blue Affigel beads rather than embryos. - [Read Uterine Transfer Protocol]
The light microscope allows dynamic biological processes to be imaged in their native (i.e., aqueous) environment with relatively high temporal resolution. However, the diffraction-limited resolution is low. When working at or beyond the diffraction-limited resolution of the LM, a disadvantage of fluorescence imaging is the relatively low signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of the images. However, this can be increased significantly by video and computer technology. - [Read Watching Molecular Motors at Work by Video-Enhanced Light Microscopy]
Protocol describes rapid, small-scale yeast RNA isolation. It is based on the work of Schmitt et al. (1990). Note that all containers should be washed in Rnase Away (Invitrogen) or dry baked for 24 hours at 160°C. - [Read Yeast RNA Isolation: Small-Scale Protocol]
DNA microarrays are an ordered arrangement of DNA molecules complementary to genes of interest that are "spotted" by robotic equipment onto a glass slide substrate. The expression of genes in cells can be monitored with microarrays by preparing cDNA from the mRNA of cells of interest and measuring the hybridization to the microarray. This protocol describes the labeling of genomic DNA for use as a probe for hybridization to the cDNA spotted on the array.
3' Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends RACE Using PCR Protocol. This protocol contains the steps for 3' end rapid amplification of mRNA by PCR. The first-strand cDNA is synthesized from total or poly(A+) RNA by priming from the poly-A tail of the mRNA using a oligo (dT) adaptor primer. The cDNA is then amplified via PCR using a gene-specific primer and an adaptor primer.
The protocol gives general considerations for the design of targeting vectors for transgenic mice. The protocol shares tips in the design of knock-out and knock-in vectors and some of their strategies for producing homologously recombined embryonic stem cells.