total Protocols

Category: Fungi Protocols: Aspergillus Protocols

Protocol for the rapid method for isolation of total nucleic acids from Aspergillus nidulans. - [Read A Rapid Method for Isolation of Total Nucleic Acids from Aspergillus nidulans Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols

Protocol for a single-step method for the simultaneous preparation of DNA, RNA, and protein from cells and tissues. The yield of total RNA depends on the tissue or cell source, but it is generally in the range of 4-7 µg/mg starting tissue or 5-10 µg/106 cells.  IMPORTANT: Prepare all reagents used in this protocol with Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated H2O. - [Read A Single-step Method for the Simultaneous Preparation of DNA, RNA, and Protein from Cells and Tissue]

Category: PCR Protocols: AFLP PCR

P Vos, R Hogers, M Bleeker, M Reijans, T van de Lee, M Hornes, A Frijters, J Pot, J Peleman, and M Kuiper. 1995. Nucleic Acid Research. The AFLP technique is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic - [Read AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting.]

Category: Transfection Protocols: Stable Transfection Protocols

The AfCS is utilizing antisense technology to manipulate signaling protein expression in the RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cell line. This can be achieved by the transfection of gene-specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). The following procedure involves the transfection of ASOs into RAW 264.7 cells using FuGENE 6 transfection reagent. Subsequently, the isolated total RNA or protein from these transfected cells can be used to assess the level of mRNA or protein knockdown, respectively. - [Read Antisense Oligonucleotide Transfection of RAW 264.7 Cells with FuGENE 6 in a 24-Well Dish]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Quantitation Concentration Protocols: Bradford Protein Assay Protocols

The bradford dye-binding assay is a colorimetric assay for measuring total protein concentration.  It involves the binding of Coomassie Brilliant blue to protein. There is no interference from cations nor from carbohydrates such as sucrose. 
Detergents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and triton x-100 can interfere with the assay, as well as strongly alkaline solutions.

Includes a general overview of the procedure and preparation of the standards in the protocol. - [Read Bradford Assay Method]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Quantitation Concentration Protocols: Bradford Protein Assay Protocols

Includes Abbreviations, Background, and Procedure steps using BSA. The Bradford protein assay (1) is one of several simple methods commonly used to determine the total protein concentration of a sample.  The method is based on the proportional binding of the dye Coomassie to proteins. The assay is colorimetric; as the protein concentration increases, the color of the test sample becomes darker.  Coomassie absorbs at 595 nm.  - [Read Bradford Protein Concentration Assay]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: DIG Biotin Labeled Probe Protocols

This protocol describes how to use DIG Chem-Link to directly label any DNA [e.g. plasmids, PCR products, cDNA prepared from mRNA] or RNA (e.g. total RNA, poly(A)+ mMRNA). The DIG Chem-Link or Biotin Chem-Link may also be used to label oligonucleotides. Includes: Required Purity of DIG Chem-Link Templates; Direct DIG Labeling of mRNA or cDNA with DIG Chem-Link; Key Product Required for Direct Labeling of DNA or RNA; Estimating the Yield of DIG-labeled Nucleic Acids. - [Read Chem-Link Labeling of DNA or RNA with DIG or Biotin Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Protein Protocols: Yeast Immunoprecipitation Protocols

The use of denaturing Ips reduces background and simplifies protein harvest. Yeast are boiled in an SDS-containing solution to liberate total proteins. - [Read Denaturing Protein Immunoprecipitation from Yeast Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Protein Protocols

This assay is performed to detect ubiquitylated proteins in yeast. Yeast that have been transformed with a vector expressing polyhistidine-tagged ubiquitin (Ub) under the control of a copper-inducible promoter are grown, induced with copper, and harvested. Total ubiquitylated proteins are then recovered by nickel-affinity chromatography, and specific proteins are detected by Western blotting. - [Read Detection of Ubiquitylated Proteins in Yeast Protocol]

Category: E Coli Protocols: E coli Nucleic Acid Protocols

E.coli total RNA labeling protocol for high density oligonucleotide array. Includes: RNA Preparation; Digest RNA and Purification of cDNA; Purify cDNA with Qiaquick PCR purification kit; cDNA Fragmentation and end labeling; Labeling with Terminal Transferase. - [Read E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for High Density Oligonucleotide Array]

Category: Microarray Protocols: Microarray DNA Labeling Protocols

Protocol for e.coli total RNA labeling for high density oligonucleotide array. - [Read E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for High Density Oligonucleotide Array]

Category: E Coli Protocols: E coli Nucleic Acid Protocols

Protocol for E coli total RNA labeling for spotted microarray. Includes: RNA Preparation; Labeling; Clean up Labeled Probes. - [Read E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for Spotted Microarray]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols: RNA Isolation Protocols: RNA Isolation fromTissues or Cultured Cells Protocols

Protocol is the first in a set of three describing fluorescent mRNA differential display (FDD or FDDRT-PCR).  The method begins with the harvesting of total RNA from blood samples. - [Read Extraction and Purification of RNA from Blood Samples for Fluorescent mRNA Differential Display]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols: RNA Isolation Protocols: RNA Isolation fromTissues or Cultured Cells Protocols

Protocol is the first in a set of three describing fluorescent mRNA differential display (FDD or FDDRT-PCR).  The method begins with the harvesting of total RNA from tissue samples. - [Read Extraction and Purification of RNA from Tissue Samples for Fluorescent mRNA Differential Display]

Category: PCR Protocols

Protocol is the first in a set of three describing fluorescent mRNA differential display (FDD or FDDRT-PCR).  The method begins with the harvesting of total RNA from the tissue-cultured cells of interest.  For other starting materials, such as blood samples, please see Extraction and Purification of RNA from Blood Samples for Fluorescent mRNA Differential Display. - [Read Extraction and Purification of RNA from Tissue-Cultured Cells for Fluorescent mRNA Differential]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols: RNA Isolation Protocols

Protocol for extraction and purification of total RNA using TRIzol OR TRI reagent. Includes: Homogenization for Cell Suspensions; Phase Separation; RNA Precipitation; RNA Wash;  Redissolving the RNA; Determination of RNA Concentration and Purity; Preparation of Rnase-free water. - [Read Extraction and Purification of Total RNA using TRIzol OR TRI Reagent Protocol]

Category: Bacterial Cell Culture Protocols

The growth conditions of microbial cell cultures and the time of sample collection should be optimized and standardized when growing cells for protein extraction. Because cells may excrete proteases and other extracellular enzymes, and compounds in the medium may interfere with extraction, wash cultures with an isotonic buffer, such as PBS or sucrose before solubilization. - [Read Extraction and Solubilization of Total Protein from Microorganisms Protocol]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Plant Proteins, Peptides and Antigens

Protocol on the extraction and solubilization of total protein from plant seeds. - [Read Extraction and Solubilization of Total Protein from Plant Seeds Protocol]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Arabidopsis Protein Peptide Protocols

The simplest way to analyze proteins is in unfractionated extracts. However, it is often desirable to fractionate proteins, e.g, by size. This procedure extracts total protein from Arabidopsis samples. Typical yields are ~2-3 mg/ml (using rosette leaves) or 6-8 mg/ml (using young seedlings). - [Read Extraction of Total Protein from Arabidopsis Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: cDNA Synthesis Protocols

This method of first strand cDNA synthesis is more efficient than Ready-to-Go beads.  You can use as little as 100ng total RNA and still detect you gene expression in PCR. - [Read First strand cDNA synthesis with Super Script II Protocol]

Category: DNA Microarray Protocols

Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe from HUMAN mRNA or Total RNA using Direct Incorporation Washing and Scanning Arrays. Brown Lab. - [Read Human DNA Microarray Hybridization]

Category: Microarray Protocols: Microarray Hybridization Protocols

Protocol describes the direct detection of RNA on DNA microarrays using Hybrid Capture (HC) technology and the HC ExpressArray Kit developed by Diagene.  The kit uses a proprietary antibody that binds specifically to RNA:DNA hybrids and a second, fluorescently labeled, antibody that detects the primary antibody.  Total RNA is applied directly to a glass-spotted DNA microarray, and stable RNA:DNA hybrids are visualized via a Cy3-labeled secondary antibody. - [Read Hybridization and Detection Using the HC ExpressArray Kit Protocol]

Category: Western Blot Protocols: General Western Blot Methods Protocols

For immunoblotting experiments, it is often important to compare the total amount of an antigen from many different sources or to learn if a particular source has the antigen under study.  In the approach described here, tissue cultures, bacteria, yeast cells, tissues, and other sources of antigens are disrupted directly in an electrophoresis sample . - [Read Immunoblotting: Preparing Cell Lysates Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: Inverse PCR Protocols

Inverse PCR is used to amplify and clone unknown DNA that flanks one end of a known DNA sequence and for which no primers are available.  The technique involves digestion by a restriction enzyme of a preparation of DNA containing the known sequence and its flanking region.  The individual restriction fragments (many thousands in the case of total mammalian genomic DNA) are converted into circles by intramolecular ligation, and the circularized DNA is then used as a template in the PCR. - [Read Inverse PCR Protocol II]

Category: RNA Protocols: mRNA Extraction Protocols

Isolation of poly A+ RNA from Total RNA by Oligo(deoxythymidine)cellulose Chromatography. Total RNA is first isolated from the tissues or cells and then mRNA is isolated by PolyA+ selection using oligo(dT) cellulose. This is necessary for all tissue sources rich in RNase (and cell lines). Lazo Lab - [Read Isolation of poly A+ RNA from Total RNA by Oligo(deoxythymidine)cellulose Chromatography]