tissue Protocols

Category: Primary Cell Isolation and Culture Protocols: Laser Capture Microdissection Protocols: Tissue Preparation for LCM Protocols

LCM isolates specific cells or tissues from samples mounted on microscope slides. The samples are viewed through a thermoplastic film that is attached to a microcentrifuge tube lid. Localized heat, caused by the application of a laser pulse, fuses the membrane to the cells of interest, which can then be harvested for further analysis. RNA and proteins can be purified from the isolated cells, allowing detailed analysis of gene expression. This protocol is divided into three stages. - [Read (LCM): Preparation and Sectioning of Frozen Tissue Blocks and Purification of RNA from Isolated Cel]

Category: Proteomic Protocols: 2-D Gel Electrophoresis

A detailed protocol for 2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis using Prostate Tissue. Molecular Profiling Initiative. - [Read 2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Prostate Tissue)]

Category: Primary Cell Isolation and Culture Protocols: Laser Capture Microdissection Protocols

Protocol for 2-D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Includes: 50 ml IEF Lysis Buffer; 10X Electrophoresis Running Buffer (10 L); 30% Acrylamide Stock (1 liter); Separating Acrylamide Gel; 50 ml Equilibration Buffer I; 50 ml Equilibration Buffer II; Transfer Buffer; Sample Preparation; Tissue Processing; Reswelling; Prepare Gradient Acrylamide Gel (9-18%); Transfer and Sequencing of Proteins. - [Read 2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Protocol]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Plant DNA RNA Isolation Protocols

The protocol includes: organelle isolation, deoxyribonuclease treatment, lysis, deproteinisation and a final DNA purification with sodium dodecyl sulphate and potassium acetate. The organelle DNA yield is 5–10 micrograms per gram of tissue and the DNA is fully restrictable. The technique is inexpensive and appropriate for the isolation of multiple samples of organelle DNA from a small amount of tissue. - [Read A Method for Isolation of Chloroplast DNA and Mitochondrial DNA from Sunflower]

Category: Genetics and Genomics: Cancer Genetics Protocols: Loss of Heterozygosity Protocols

DNA for analysis is purified using salt precipitation. The method is gentle, limits the breakage of the long chromosomal strands, and avoids the use of phenol and chloroform. It is suitable for use with cultured cells, breast tumor tissue that has been subjected to hormone receptor analysis, and blood samples. The loss of heterozygosity assay is performed using a multiplex PCR, in which one of each primer pair is labeled with a different fluorophor. - [Read A Multiplex PCR Method to Define a Narrow Deleted Chromosomal Region of a Tumor Genome]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols

Protocol for a single-step method for the simultaneous preparation of DNA, RNA, and protein from cells and tissues. The yield of total RNA depends on the tissue or cell source, but it is generally in the range of 4-7 µg/mg starting tissue or 5-10 µg/106 cells.  IMPORTANT: Prepare all reagents used in this protocol with Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated H2O. - [Read A Single-step Method for the Simultaneous Preparation of DNA, RNA, and Protein from Cells and Tissue]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Plant Genetics Protocols

For analysis of metaphase chromosomes, any tissue containing dividing cells can be used: Root tips from young seedlings, from newly grown roots at the edge of plant pots or hydroponic culture are all suitable. Alternatively, flower buds, anthers, carpels or leaf or apical meristems can be used. Includes metaphase arresting reagents. - [Read Accumulation and Fixation of Plant Metaphase Chromosomes Protocol]

Category: Neuroscience Protocols: Histology Stains Protocols: Connective Tissue Stains Protocols

Protocol for connective tissue stain. Acid Picro Mallory. - [Read Acid Picro Mallory Connective Tissue Stain Protocol]

Category: C. elegans Protocols: C. elegans Staining Protocols

Extreme care should be used to identify and verify positive reactions, however, because cross-reactions are common. Counterstaining is essential for examining worms by immunofluorescence and is used to identify the exact cell in which an antigen appears. Methods for counterstaining include labeling all cells with a fluorescent dye that is specific for nucleic acids (e.g., DAPI or propidium iodide) and using GFP driven by tissue-specific promoters. - [Read Antibody Addition and Detection for Staining Caenorhabditis elegans Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture

Protocol applies EFs to cells in vitro but has been modified and to use electrotactic chambers to accommodate cells growing in planar culture or in three-dimensional (3D) gels, en bloc tissue cultures in 3D and possible small embryos, such as that from frog and zebra fish. The EF is applied to the cells or tissues cultured in a customer designed electrotactic chamber via agar salt bridges, Steinberg’s solution and Ag/AgCl electrodes. - [Read Application of Direct Current Electric Fields to Cells and Tissues in vitro]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Arabidopsis Tissue Culture

Arabidopsis Tissue Culture Stock Solutions and Media. Lazo Lab. MS MEDIUM FOR ARABIDOPSIS. B5 MEDIUM FOR ARABIDOPSIS. 10X Micronutrients. - [Read Arabidopsis Tissue Culture Stock Solutions and Media]

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Arabidopsis Transformation Protocols

Electrotransformation of Agrobacterium with a plasmid that has been replicating in E. coli. Growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis dunking. Seed Harvesting. Plant tissue culture. Very detailed protocol. Stockinger lab. PDF - [Read Arabidopsis transformation with Agrobacterium PDF]

Category: Signalling Signal Transduction Protocols

Assay of cytokines in tissue culture supernatants describes a liquid suspension array for quantification of cytokines in tissue culture supernatants or serum. With this assay, it is possible to profile the level of multiple cytokines in a single well. The principle of this cytokine assay is similar to a capture sandwich immunoassay. Includes: Preparation for the Assay, Cytokine Assay, Reagents and Materials. - [Read Assay of Cytokines in Tissue Culture Supernatants]

Category: Immunology: Immunoassays

The Bio-Plex cytokine assay employs a liquid suspension array for quantification of cytokines in tissue culture supernatants or serum. Using this 96-well microtiter plateformatted assay, it is possible to profile the level of multiple cytokines in a single well. - [Read Assay of Cytokines in Tissue Culture Supernatants Protocol]

Category: Radioactivity: Autoradiography

Antonio Simeone. MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, New Hunt’s Houre. - [Read Autoradiography for mRNA detection in. mouse embryo tissue sections. PDF]

Category: Cell Culture Protocols: Sterile Technique Protocols

Cultured mammalian cells are used extensively in cell biology studies; it requires a number of special skills in order to be able to preserve the structure, function, behavior and biology of the cells. This unit describes the basic skills required to maintain and preserve cell cultures: aseptic technique, medium characteristics, passaging, freezing and storage, recovering frozen stocks, and counting viable cells. - [Read Basic Techniques for Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture Protocol]

Category: Primary Cell Isolation and Culture Protocols: Mammalian Cell Culture Protocols

Cultured mammalian cells are used extensively in cell biology studies; it requires a number of special skills in order to be able to preserve the structure, function, behavior and biology of the cells. This unit describes the basic skills required to maintain and preserve cell cultures: aseptic technique, medium characteristics, passaging, freezing and storage, recovering frozen stocks, and counting viable cells. - [Read Basic Techniques for Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture Protocol]

Category: Antibody Protocols: Antibody Labeling Protocols

Once tissues are fixed and permeabilized, the antibodies are added. These antibodies can be labeled directly or detected by a labeled secondary reagent. For indirect detection, any reagent that binds specifically to the primary antibody can be "tagged" and used to locate the antibody. The possible reagents include anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, protein A or G, or, if the first antibody is labeled with biotin, streptavidin. They can be labeled with enzymes or gold. - [Read Binding Antibodies to Tissue Sections Protocol]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Blocking Protocols

Protocol for blocking of unwanted non-specific staining. Includes: Blocking of endogenous enzymes; Blocking of endogenous fluorochromes; Blocking endogenous biotin; Blocking of endogenous Fc blocking; Blocking of crossreactive antigens in the tissue. - [Read Blocking of Unwanted Non-Specific Staining Protocol]

Category: Molecular Imaging: Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Blocking of unwanted non-specific staining in Immunofluorescence. Blocking of endogenous enzymes, Blocking of endogenous fluorochromes, Blocking endogenous biotin , Blocking of endogenous Fc blocking, Blocking of crossreactive antigens in the tissue. Cattoretti. Columbia University - [Read Blocking of unwanted non-specific staining in Immunofluorescence.]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Blocking Protocols

Protocol for blocking of unwanted non-specific staining. Includes: Blocking of endogenous enzymes; Blocking of endogenous fluorochromes; Blocking endogenous biotin; Blocking of endogenous Fc blocking; Blocking of cross reactive antigens in the tissue. - [Read Blocking Unwanted Non-Specific Staining Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture

OptiPrep Application sheet C14 describes procedures for determining the density and sedimenting properties of any cell (of any size or density) using either a continuous or discontinuous gradient of iodixanol. This Application Sheet describes procedures aimed at isolating specifically a relatively low-density cell fraction from any tissue. - [Read C25 Isolation from spleen, thymus, pancreas, alveolar tissue and other tissues]

Category: RNA Protocols: RT-PCR and cDNA synthesis

Method of synthesizing cDNA from Frozen Tissue Sections Protocol. Includes LCM - Laser Capture Microdissection Protocols. NIH - [Read cDNA from Frozen Tissue Sections and LCM]

Category: PCR Protocols: Real-Time PCR Protocols

Protocol describes the real-time PCR using RNA purified from laser-captured tissues Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM): Preparation and Sectioning of Frozen Tissue Blocks and Purification of RNA from Isolated Cells. - [Read cDNA Synthesis and Real-Time PCR Using RNA from Laser-Captured Cells Protocol]

Category: DNA Protocols: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Protocols

Formaldehyde cross-linking and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays of tissue culture cells, Based on Boyd and Farnham. Michelle Kallesen, Rosen Lab. - [Read ChIP Assay Protocol PDF]