substrates Protocols

Category: Molecular Biology Protocols: Carbohydrate Protocols

The method allows the detection and quantification of glycosyltransferase activity using an ELISA-based procedure and carbohydrate-specific monoclonal antibodies. Avoids the use of radiolabeled substrates. Bruce A. Macher~Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA - [Read A Sensitive ELISA-Based Assay for Glycosyltransferases]

Category: Drosophila Protocols

Enzyme-linked reagents give excellent sensitivity and use a simple light microscope for detection. A range of enzymes is available, but for staining in situ, horseradish peroxidase will suit most needs. Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is one of the most sensitive substrates for horseradish peroxidase. It yields an intense brown product that is insoluble in both water and alcohol. It can be made more sensitive by adding metal salts such as cobalt or nickel to the substrate solution. - [Read Antibody Addition to Drosophila Specimens and Detection Using Enzyme-Linked Reagents Protocol]

Category: Pharmacology and Toxicology Protocols: Enzyme Assays Protocols

Protocol for Cytochrome P450. Includes: Microsome Assays General; General Reaction Conditions; Specific Substrates for Cytochrome P450 Isozymes. - [Read Cytochrome P450 Recombinant Enzyme Microsome Protocol]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Antibody Staining Protocols

There are several strategies to visualize the antibody. For transmitted light microscopy, color development substrates for enzymes are often used. The antibody can be directly labeled with the enzyme. However, such a covalent link between an antibody and an enzyme might result in a loss of both enzyme and antibody activity. For these reasons several multistep staining procedures have been developed, where intermediate link antibodies are used. In this protocol use the Vectastain ABC-kit. - [Read Immunocytochemistry in Free-Floating Sections Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: In Vitro Reconstitution Protocols

In vitro transcription reactions employing T3, T7 or SP6 phage-encoded RNA polymerases are widely used to synthesize RNA from recombinant vectors containing appropriate promoters. Production of large amounts of specific RNA is valuable in the preparation of hybridization probes and in vitro translation studies; in the synthesis of ribozymes, rRNA, SRP, antisense RNA and substrates for RNA splicing; and in RNA-protein interaction studies. - [Read Protocol: Purification of In Vitro Synthesized mRNA with Microcon or Centricon Centrifugal Filters]

Category: Chromatography Protocols: Ion Exchange Chromatography Protocols

Protocol for the purification of DNA recovered from agarose and polyacrylamide gels by anion-exchange chromatography. Fragments of DNA recovered from agarose gels are sometimes poor templates or substrates in subsequent enzymatic reactions.  This problem can be solved by binding the DNA to a positively charged matrix, such as DEAE-Sephadex or DEAE-Sephacel, in buffers of low ionic strength.  After washing the matrix, the DNA is eluted by raising the strength of the buffer. - [Read Purification of DNA Recovered Anion-exchange Chromatography Protocol]

Category: Viral Manipulation Protocols: Phage Lamda Manipulation Protocols

Protocol is used to purify small amounts of bacteriophage {lambda} DNA that are suitable for use as substrates for restriction enzymes and templates for DNA and RNA polymerases. - [Read Rapid Analysis of Bacteriophage lambda Isolates: Purification of lambda DNA from Plate Lysates]

Category: Viral Culture and Isolation Protocols: Viral Culture Protocols

This protocol is used to purify small amounts of recombinant DNAs cloned in robust strains of bacteriophage {lambda} such as {lambda}gt10, {lambda}gt11, {lambda}ZAP, or ZipLox. The DNAs are suitable for use as substrates for restriction enzymes and templates for DNA and RNA polymerases. - [Read Rapid Analysis of Bacteriophage {lambda} Isolates: Purification of {lambda} DNA from Liquid Cultures]

Category: DNA Protocols: cDNA Library Protocols: cDNA Library Construction Protocols

A vector that lacks inserts can significantly contaminate a DNA library. This contamination can occur either from self-ligation of single-cut vector or from uncut circular starting plasmid. - [Read Synthesis of DNA Libraries: Use of PCR to Analyze Ligation Substrates and Products]

Category: Western Blot Protocols: Antigen Detection Methods Protocols

Use of the chemiluminescence-producing alkaline phosphatase substrate 3-(4-methoxyspiro[1,2-dioxetane-3,2'-tricyclo-[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decan]-4-yl)phenyl phosphate (AMPPD, also known as adamantyl-1,2-dioxetane phosphate), or its dioxetane relatives provides a substantial increase in sensitivity over colorimetric substrates and radiochemical methods currently used for the detection of antigen-antibody complexes immobilized on nylon or PVDF membranes. - [Read Western Analysis Using the Chemiluminescent Alkaline Phosphatase Substrate CSPD Protocol]